Daily Rosary Meditations | Catholic Prayers

Pharaoh's Hardened Heart

30 min
Mar 2, 2026about 2 months ago
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Summary

This episode presents a Catholic rosary meditation centered on the biblical story of Pharaoh's hardened heart during the plagues of Egypt. The teaching explores the theological concept of God hardening hearts, drawing parallels to how the same divine action affects different people differently based on their disposition, and applies these lessons to personal spiritual growth and self-reflection.

Insights
  • God's hardening of hearts is not about removing free will but revealing character—the same divine action softens some hearts to repentance while hardening others into rebellion based on their existing disposition
  • Self-criticism and willingness to acknowledge personal sin are essential spiritual practices; refusing to examine oneself leads to a hardened heart similar to Pharaoh's
  • Emotional reactivity (pride, anger, resentment) blinds people to God's work in their circumstances and prevents them from cooperating with divine purpose
  • Historical outcomes could have been radically different if key figures had chosen cooperation with God instead of obstinacy—suggesting personal choices matter profoundly
  • The blame game and external attribution of problems prevents the self-reflection necessary for spiritual growth and transformation
Trends
Religious content emphasizing personal accountability and introspection over external judgmentTheological reframing of divine action as character-revealing rather than deterministicIntegration of historical biblical narratives with contemporary personal applicationFocus on emotional intelligence and self-awareness as spiritual disciplinesEmphasis on cooperation with divine purpose as alternative to resistance and obstinacy
Topics
Pharaoh's hardened heart and free will theologyBiblical interpretation of the Ten PlaguesSelf-criticism and personal accountabilityEmotional management and spiritual growthConfession and penance practicesPride and obstinacy as spiritual obstaclesDivine providence and human cooperationRosary meditation structure and practiceCatholic moral teaching on contraception and divorceSuffering as opportunity for spiritual growthCharacter development through adversityBlame attribution and personal responsibilityHumility as spiritual foundation
People
Moses
Biblical figure who confronted Pharaoh and led the Israelites out of Egypt with God's power
Pharaoh
Central figure in the episode's meditation; represents obstinate refusal to acknowledge sin and cooperate with God
Jesus Christ
Referenced as hardening the hearts of Pharisees through displays of love and mercy when they refused to acknowledge sin
Pontius Pilate
Mentioned in the Nicene Creed recitation as the authority under whom Jesus suffered
Astoria Farrell
Source cited for practical tests of self-reflection and personal accountability
Quotes
"When God says, I will harden Pharaoh's heart, he's telling us something about Pharaoh's character. And maybe something about our own character as well."
HostMid-episode teaching
"So too the same God acting benevolently toward everyone will soften some hearts into repentance and love and harden other hearts into rebellion and bitterness. It all depends on how our hearts are disposed."
HostSecond mystery reflection
"For one sort of man, there is no remedy. The proud. The evil took too deep a root before he even knew it."
Host (quoting Book of Sirach)Third mystery
"God is working through every circumstance. But my emotions get the best of me pride anger sadness resentment all kinds of things and then they literally take control and blind us to what is God doing."
Conversation participantPost-meditation discussion
"Lord, I don't know what you're doing here. Help me to cooperate. And I'm really convinced God will not ignore that prayer and leave you hanging."
HostFinal resolution
Full Transcript
Welcome to our daily rosary meditation. Let's begin in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen. Let's call to mind all those we've promised to pray for. I believe in God the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth. I believe in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord. He was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary. He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. He descended into hell. On the third day he rose again. He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen. Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be your name. Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses. as we forgive those who trespass against us and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in our insnown at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in our hands now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in our hands now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. Our first mystery. Following the final plague, Pharaoh relents and commands Moses to take the Israelites and leave. The Egyptians, fearing for the destruction, urged them to go and even give them silver, gold, and clothing. So the Israelites depart Egypt, numbering about 600,000 men plus women and children, probably more than a million people plus livestock. Again, Pharaoh hardened his heart and pursued Israel to the Red Sea, where God parted the waters, allowing Israel to cross. But Pharaoh, in his stubbornness, drove his army after them. As the Egyptians chased them into the parted sea, the waters returned, drowning Pharaoh's entire army. the Israelites witnessed their enemies dead on the shore recognizing God's deliverance in the book of Exodus the character of Pharaoh is a tragic story he's almost unbelievably obstinate of course at the beginning before he knows just who Moses is or who the God of Moses is it's not surprising that he doesn't take them both very seriously. But then major things start to happen, which do serious damage to the Egyptians. The Nile turning to blood, or their livestock and crops being wiped out, and the sun completely darkened for three days. You'd think that when that stuff starts happening, Pharaoh would really do a 180 and get with the program. But no, even if he sometimes wavers, he always goes back to his hard line, I will not let Israel go. And after each of the plagues, there's the common refrain. Yet Pharaoh's heart was stubborn. And as Yahweh had foretold, he would not listen to Moses and Aaron. But maybe what's most interesting is that God foretold that this would happen. He foretold to Moses that Pharaoh would continually refuse to budge. In fact, God says, I will harden Pharaoh's heart. But what does that mean? Does it mean that God gave Pharaoh no choice? That he made him do the wrong thing? Actually, not at all. When God says, I will harden Pharaoh's heart, he's telling us something about Pharaoh's character. And maybe something about our own character as well. Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be your name. Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us, in our ins, now, at the hour of our death, amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us, in our ins, now, at the hour of our death, amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee, blessed art thou among women, Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, mother of God, pray for us, sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, mother of God, pray for us, sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, mother of God. pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be. World without end. Amen. O my Jesus. Forgive us our sins. Save us from the fires of hell Lead all souls to heaven especially those most in need of thy mercy Our second mystery God is always the same Always good and generous to everyone. But sometimes the same thing, acting the same way, can have different effects on different things. A classic example is the sun. The sun is always the same. Always itself. always sending heat down to earth but he will affect different kinds of things differently for instance the same sun will melt wax and harden clay because wax and clay are differently disposed so too the same God acting benevolently toward everyone will soften some hearts into repentance and love and harden other hearts into rebellion and bitterness. It all depends on how our hearts are disposed. So what is the right way to do to dispose our heart to God's activity? How can we make sure that our hearts won't be hardened like Pharaoh's? Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be your name. Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us and lead us not into temptation. Deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us and earnest known at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us and earnest known at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us and earns now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us and earns now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Heavenly grace grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in her ends now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in her ends now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with the, Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with the, Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. O my Jesus. Forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of hell. Lead all souls to heaven, especially those most in need of thy mercy. Our third mystery. At the end of the day, there's probably only one way to dispose your heart rightly to God. And it's this. Are you willing to look at yourself honestly and acknowledge the sin and failure inside you? And are you willing to apologize for it and try to do better? Remember, God didn't just harden Pharaoh's heart by his displays of power. Jesus also hardened the hearts of the Pharisees by his displays of love and mercy because they weren't willing to admit that they were sinners. that they had deep problems, that they caused a lot of unnecessary suffering to other people. They weren't willing to admit that they were sick, so the arrival of the physician just hardened their hearts. But if you're willing to examine and to go to confession and to tell God you're sorry and that you sincerely want to change, then you will be able to respond rightly with a holy flexibility to God's work in your life. If not, you have no hope. There's a terrible sentence in the book of Sirach. It says, For one sort of man, there is no remedy. The proud. The evil took too deep a root before he even knew it. God knew that Pharaoh was that kind of man, and that no matter what he did, Pharaoh would not change. Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be your name. Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us in our hands now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen.A Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. They are Mary full of grace the Lord is with thee blessed art thou among women blessed is the fruit of thy womb Jesus Holy Mary mother of God pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen They are Mary full of grace the Lord is with thee blessed are thou among women Blessed is the fruit of thy womb Jesus Holy Mary Mother of God pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. O my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of hell. Lead all souls to heaven, especially those most in need of thy mercy. Our fourth mystery. We always recognize prideful obstinacy in others. We recognize that they never look at themselves, that they are unwilling to change, and that for them it's always someone else's fault, and then we shake our heads. But how ironic would it be, and yet how likely it actually is, if we criticize other people for being unreflective, and then it turns out that's exactly what we are. So here are a couple of tests drawn from Astoria Farrell. When people are angry at you, do you ever say, you know what, they're right. I wouldn't like to have to deal with me either. And then do you say to the person who's upset with you, I realize I have this vice and it makes things hard for you. I'm sorry. I will work on it. And when you have an idea or a project and people are telling you they don't think it's a good idea and you go ahead with it anyway and it fails, do you say, Wow, I'm sorry. You were right. I was wrong. We won't do that again. or when something unpleasant happens to your life do you constantly complain about it and say why did these things happen to me or do you remember that you with all your sins deserve much worse and then use the occasion of suffering to do penance and grow in humility and maybe most importantly when you've gone against the church's teaching Maybe you've divorced and remarried or gotten yourself sterilized or have a habitual pornography problem and it hasn't made you happy because it never will. Do you say, Lord, I'm sorry. I'll try to reform and restructure my life and do penance for that sin. Or do you just shrug it off and change nothing? The point is, it's easy to point the finger at Pharaoh and others who are totally incapable of self-criticism and self-reform. But if the people in your life and the events in your life don't prompt you to self-criticism and self-reform, then you have a hardened heart too, and everything God is trying to do for you is just making your heart harder. Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be your name. Thy kingdom come, thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Blessed唱 the Lord onell, O Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with documentaryused by John Omnis. The Lord, blessed get you to surely hear the神us. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with detail, blessed get you tokay over at the word of Unbelievable Divine located in epilepsy. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Holy Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women, blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be. World without end. Amen. O my Jesus. Forgive us our sins. Save us from the fires of hell. Lead all souls to heaven, especially those most in need of thy mercy. Our fifth mystery. Pharaoh's hardened heart cost him everything. he didn't just cripple his own nation he also lost his own son and then in that supreme insanity of his own unreflectiveness he sent his whole army into a sea that was right before his eyes split apart by a staggering power that was clearly on the side of the Israelites But he was the sort of person where the plain facts just prompted greater and greater obstinacy. And if we allow ourselves to become that sort of person, we also will lose everything. The love of our families, the respect of our friends, and when it's all over, everlasting life. So this Lent, let's ask ourselves, what have the circumstances of our life shown us that we need to change? What is God doing in our life? And how can my heart be responsive to what he showing me instead of hardened Our Father who art in heaven hallowed be your name Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary, Full of Grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God. Pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, Full of Grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God. Pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, O pray for us and earn us now in the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, O pray for us and earn us now in the hour of our death. Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus Holy Mary, mother of God Pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen Hail Mary, full of grace The Lord is with thee Blessed art thou among women Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus Holy Mary, mother of God Pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen Hail Mary, full of grace The Lord is with thee Blessed art thou among women Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus Holy Mary Mother of God, pray for our sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed are thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary Mother of God, pray for our sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary Mother of God, pray for our sinners now and at the hour of our death Amen. Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou among women. Blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, as now and ever shall be. World without end. Amen. O my Jesus. Forgive us our sins. Save us from the fires of hell. Lead all souls to heaven, especially those most in need of thy mercy. St. Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our protection against the wickedness and snares of the devil. May God rebuke him, we humbly pray, and do thou, O Prince of the Heavenly Host. By the power of God, cast into hell Satan and all the evil spirits who prowl throughout the world seeking the ruin of souls. In the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen. what struck you with that meditation i was thinking a bit about the blame game you know it's it's easy to like you said diagnose other people and their hardness of heart or their unwillingness to change uh because it's also the thing that makes it easiest to blame other people but it's also easy for us to blame our circumstances or to blame God and even for Pharaoh to blame God in this circumstance, but it's still his character leading up to that moment. Every choice that's led up to that moment. Yeah. And how he's going to react to God. The same God, the same. Yeah. I think maybe the most important thing and the hardest thing is that God is working through every circumstance. and but my emotions get the best of me pride anger sadness resentment all kinds of things and then and they literally they take control and blind us to what is God doing and what is he asking us or how is he asking us to respond to this situation? Because there's still a good answer. There's still a good response no matter what the situation is. Right. Because God works all things for good for those who cooperate with him. Pharaoh didn't cooperate. pharaoh could have and you know it would have been interesting the original request was uh hey pharaoh you got to let my people go a three days journey into the wilderness to sacrifice to god worship god and then come back there's nothing about setting them free yeah and uh wild If Pharaoh would have done like the people at Nineveh converted when Jonah came to them, if Pharaoh would have converted, who knows? All of Egypt may have converted. Pharaoh was the head of the superpower for the whole world. A whole part of the world might have come into God's covenant. Everything might have changed. What a different story. And not that it wasn't an option in the first place. but it's just not what he chose. I think that's a really good reminder when we look back on those stories because it's easy to look at it as so fixed because it is what it is now, but it could have been very different. It still can be very different for us. Exactly. So what is, in the circumstance that I'm going through right now, that you're going through, that anyone praying with us is going through, we have to be, we have to make sure that we don't let our emotions get the best of us and that we calm down and then say, Lord, I don't know what you're doing here. Help me to cooperate. And I'm really convinced God will not ignore that prayer and leave you hanging. I bet you if Pharaoh would have turned to God and said, I don't understand this at all. Help me. He would have. Same for us. Let that be our resolution today. If we find ourselves in the midst of some difficulty where the emotions are getting the best of us, we have to stop. Say, Lord, I don't understand. Help me to cooperate. That'd be a good resolution. thanks for the conversation thank you let's be apostles of friendship good conversation and the rosary share this with others