Better Offline

Monologue: How OpenAI Kills Oracle

11 min
Apr 24, 20265 days ago
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Summary

Ed Zitron argues that Oracle faces potential financial collapse due to unsustainable commitments to build $340 billion in AI data center infrastructure for OpenAI, which cannot generate sufficient revenue or be afforded by OpenAI. The analysis reveals a mathematical mismatch between Oracle's construction costs, depreciation of rapidly-obsoleting GPU hardware, and OpenAI's inability to pay for the capacity even if it achieves $100+ billion in annual revenue.

Insights
  • Oracle's Stargate Abilene project will cost ~$60 billion to generate ~$10 billion in annual revenue, creating a fundamentally unprofitable infrastructure model dependent entirely on OpenAI's payment capacity
  • OpenAI's financial projections show it will lose $25 billion on $30 billion revenue in 2024 and requires $150-200 billion in additional capital raises to meet compute commitments across multiple vendors
  • GPU obsolescence creates a structural problem: data centers taking 2-3 years to build will be filled with year-old or older hardware by completion, reducing competitive advantage and revenue potential
  • Oracle's negative free cash flow (-$24.7 billion in last quarter) and reliance on project-based financing tied to OpenAI revenues creates existential risk if OpenAI defaults or fails to scale
  • The AI infrastructure buildout appears to be a speculative bubble where vendors are committing to massive capex based on unproven revenue models and customer ability to pay
Trends
AI infrastructure capex bubble: vendors building data centers based on speculative demand and unproven customer revenue modelsGPU obsolescence risk: rapid annual GPU upgrades make multi-year data center construction projects obsolete before completionVendor financing risk: major tech companies using project-based debt financing to hide balance sheet impact of AI infrastructure betsOpenAI's unsustainable burn rate: company losing billions annually while committing to hundreds of billions in compute purchasesConcentration risk: Oracle's growth strategy entirely dependent on single customer (OpenAI) with questionable financial viabilityData center construction delays: Stargate Abilene 12+ months behind original timeline, suggesting broader infrastructure delivery challengesGPU pricing pressure: $3.5 million per GPU retail cost creates massive capex burden with rapid depreciation cyclesFinancial engineering concerns: use of off-balance-sheet project financing to mask true debt exposure and cash flow requirements
Topics
AI data center infrastructure economicsOpenAI financial sustainability and burn rateOracle's Stargate project costs and timelineGPU depreciation and hardware obsolescenceProject-based debt financing and balance sheet riskAI compute pricing models ($12.5M-$14M per megawatt)Vendor concentration risk in AI infrastructureData center construction delays and cost overrunsOpenAI's multi-vendor compute commitmentsFree cash flow analysis of major tech vendorsAI infrastructure capex bubble indicatorsNVIDIA GPU supply chain and pricingHyperscaler billing and revenue modelsConstruction project financing structuresAI market growth assumptions and sustainability
Companies
Oracle
Building 7.1 gigawatt data center infrastructure for OpenAI; faces potential insolvency if project cannot generate su...
OpenAI
Primary customer for Oracle's data centers; cannot afford to pay for committed capacity and faces $150-200B additiona...
Microsoft
Committed to $250 billion compute spending with OpenAI; referenced as comparison for operating costs and profitability
Amazon Web Services
Committed to $10 billion compute deal with OpenAI as part of multi-vendor infrastructure strategy
CoreWeave
Committed to $200 billion compute deal with OpenAI for data center capacity
Cerebrus
Committed to $20 billion compute deal with OpenAI for AI infrastructure
NVIDIA
GPU supplier; Blackwell and Vera Rubin chips being deployed in data centers; subject to rapid obsolescence cycles
Crusoe
Land developer and power provider for Stargate Abilene; leases land from Lancium and manages power delivery to Oracle
Lancium
Land owner for Stargate Abilene data center project; leases land to Crusoe who subleases to Oracle
Anthropic
Mentioned as recipient of positive commentary from Michael Burry in AI bubble debate
People
Ed Zitron
Presents financial analysis arguing Oracle faces insolvency due to unsustainable OpenAI data center commitments
Michael Burry
Criticized for not analyzing the Oracle-OpenAI infrastructure bubble despite his track record identifying financial c...
Jerome Darling
Provided data center construction cost estimates (~$44 million per megawatt) used in analysis
Jack Clark
Mentioned in context of Michael Burry's positive commentary on Anthropic's Claude AI
Jensen Huang
Humorously referenced as LMFAO fan in joke about GPU naming conventions
Quotes
"For OpenAI to be able to pay the deals it has signed with all of these different companies, Amazon, Microsoft, CoreWeave, Cerebrus, and Oracle, it will have to be 10 to 15 times its current revenue and have raised at least another $150 billion dollars."
Ed ZitronEarly in monologue
"If those revenues don't come through say open ai just didn't pay them oracle will be unable to pay its debts this is not an opinion this is maths"
Ed ZitronMid-monologue
"I cannot find a way that Oracle actually makes this work. And every time I tell somebody about it, they just respond with inshallah."
Ed ZitronNear conclusion
"Oracle is very likely going to die unless it starts backing away from these data center projects and all signs point to it accelerating towards building them as fast as possible."
Ed ZitronCore argument
"I am genuinely, genuinely confused where the fuck is Michael Burry... What the fuck is the point of someone like Michael fucking Burry if he can look at something like this"
Ed ZitronMid-monologue
Full Transcript
This is an iHeart Podcast. Guaranteed human. Run a business and not thinking about podcasting? Think again. More Americans listen to podcasts, then add supported streaming music from Spotify and Pandora. And as the number one podcaster, iHeart's twice as large as the next two combined. Learn how podcasting can help your business. Call 844-844-IHEART. I'm Miles Turner. And I'm Brianna Stewart. And our podcast, Game Recognized Game, has never been done before. Two active players giving you a real look at our lives and what we actually think on and off the court. Nothing's off limits. We talk tanking. I might get in trouble for this answer, but I think it's like definitely happening in the WBA. We talk about our mistakes, too. They pulled me to the side and was like, hey, man, we got a call last night. You can't be rolling around the city like this the night before games. Check out Game Recognized Game with Stewie and Miles on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Most people out here think that taking care of one another is important. And most people would step up for a neighbor going through a tough time. Most people around here help out friends and family when they need it. But the funny thing is, most of us won't look for help when we need it. Talk to someone if you're struggling with mental health. Because most people out here really care. Find more information at loveyourmindtoday.org. That's loveyourmindtoday.org. Brought to you by the Huntsman Mental Health Institute and the Ad Council. On the Ceno Show podcast, each episode invites you into a raw, unfiltered conversations about recovery, resilience, and redemption. On a recent episode, I sit down with actor, cultural icon Danny Trail to talk about addiction, transformation, and the power of second chances. The entire season two is now available to bench, featuring powerful conversations with guests like Tiffany Addish, Johnny Knoxville, and more. I'm an alcoholic. And without this problem, I'm going to die. Listen to the Ceno Show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. call zone media hello and welcome to this week's better offline monologue i'm your host ed zitron forgive me if i sound a little congested i'm sick i promise i'm resting up but this is an important one today i'm going to talk to you about something i'm brewing over in my premium newsletter. It'll be out later today, but this is information you need to know and don't need to cough up money to find out. There'll be more details, but you're going to get a lot today. So I want to be very clear about something. For OpenAI to be able to pay the deals it has signed with all of these different companies, Amazon, Microsoft, CoreWeave, Cerebrus, and Oracle, it will have to be 10 to 15 times its current revenue and have raised at least another $150 billion dollars. If it fails, Oracle will run out of money and not be able to pay its debts, and probably shut down. And I know that sounds insane, because Oracle is so large and has been around for so long. But let me explain. Oracle is building around 7.1 gigawatts of data center capacity for OpenAI, with the majority of it looking like it will be finished somewhere towards the end of 2028, at absolute best, if not the end of 2029 or 2030, if it ever gets built. Stargate Abilene, the only one of them anywhere near completion, started in the middle of 2024, sits two years into construction at two buildings and around 200 megawatts of capacity out of the eight that are being built. Eight buildings, I mean. Based on reports throughout the last two years, Stargate Abilene was meant to be fully energized somewhere between, I don't know, the end of 2025 and the middle of 2026, yet sources on the ground tell me they don expect this thing to be finished anywhere before April 2027 Per a source familiar with Oracle infrastructure Building 3 has finished construction and been handed over but barely has any gear in it It be months before it starts generating revenue Now, based on discussions with sources familiar with Stargate Abilene's infrastructure costs, the total cost will run somewhere in the region of $48 million per megawatt, which is in line with an estimate of around $44 million per megawatt for any data center construction that I got from Jerome Darling, an analyst over at TD Cohen. In total, this puts the estimated cost of Stargate Abilene at around $59 billion and the overall 7.1 gigawatt project, so far at least, at an estimated $340 billion. Sources have also told me that Oracle estimated in 2024 that it would spend over $2.1 billion a year on co-location lease and power costs to land developer Crusoe. And that's just because Crusoe actually, they lease the land from a company called Lanseum. They then lease that land and the stuff on it to Oracle, and then Crusoe handles the power and then passes through the cost to Oracle. It's complex, it's annoying, but that's what it is. Stargate Abilene will, based on estimates from landowner Lancium and discussions with sources familiar with hyperscaler billing, generate around $10 billion a year in revenue when it's complete at a rate of around $12.5 million a megawatt of critical IT, so 824 megawatts. The way it works is it's a 1.2 gigawatt campus, but there's only so much of it that's actually critical IT that would be billed for, so 824 megawatts worth. Now, while this might suggest that Oracle is making $8 billion in profit a year, and that's not true, one has to reckon with the astonishing cost of building this data center, and of course other costs like people, and keeping, like insurance, and stuff. Anyway, each building contains around 694 GB200 NVL72 racks, 72 GPUs each, each retailing around $3.5 million, meaning that each building contains around $2.43 billion of GPUs, for a total of $19.44 billion for the entire campus. As Oracle depreciates those GPUs over six years, that comes to around $3.24 billion a year in depreciation costs, so spreading them out. I can also confirm, based on discussions with sources familiar with the Abilene project, that Oracle is footing either large parts of the entirety of the construction of these data centers, and has spent, as of recent, over $5.4 billion in construction and infrastructure costs, not including GPUs, on just the first two buildings, with an estimate that they'll spend up to $10 billion, despite it being operational. And there are tons more expenses still. It's very weird. Now, on a strictly mathematical basis, this means that Oracle will end up, assuming the project is ever completed, spending around $60 billion to build a data center campus that will make it about $10 billion. of revenue. Inside said data center campus will be racks of 72 GB200 GPUs that are already a year old and will be, in theory, two years old by the time that the campus is complete. Now, the later data centers, the ones that aren't in Abilene, will be likely using NVIDIA's Vera Rubin GPUs, which means they'll pay a little more, well I mean they'll be paid a little more by OpenAI, again in theory, likely around $14 million per megawatt, which means, again in theory, Oracle will get paid, assuming everything gets built, around $75 billion a year in revenue from OpenAI, if OpenAI could afford that, which it cannot. For context, OpenAI estimates it will have around $30 billion in revenue this year and lose $25 billion to make that. In 2027 it projects to pull in billion in revenue and lose billion to make that And in 2028 it will lose billion and allegedly make billion OpenAI has also agreed to spend billion with CoreWave billion with Amazon Web Services $250 billion with Microsoft, and $20 billion with Cerebrus on Compute. Yeah, so for OpenAI to pay all of its bills, it will have to raise at least another $150 billion, and I mean on top of the money it just raised, if not $200 billion. dollars and that's only only if it makes over a hundred billion dollars in annual revenue by the end of 2028 and if i'm honest i'm not sure that that maths even makes sense even if it does so because we don't know the precise year-by-year breakdown of its other deals i genuinely think they may be spending if they actually kept the agreements 125 billion dollars in compute by 2028 i mean they don't have the they don't have the money like they can't do that but nevertheless it's... how is no one else worried about this? This would also, by the way, mean that OpenAI grows its revenue by four times in the next two years and by nearly ten times by 2030, and I think they need to be ten to fifteen times to pay all these fucking bills. Sounds implausible, right? Well, it has to happen, otherwise Oracle runs out of money. In its last quarterly earnings, Oracle had free cash flow of negative $24.7 billion and has, through both completed and planned bond sales, debt financing, and at-the-market share sales, raised over $115 billion, which is not sufficient to complete the construction of the remaining Stargate data centers. Oracle has also raised a great deal of that money using construction project financing, keeping the debt off balance sheet and tying its repayments entirely to cash flow from the various projects' revenues that are being paid by OpenAI, a company that's going to lose hundreds of billions of dollars in the next few years if it doesn't fall over and die jesus fucking christ if those revenues don't come through say open ai just didn't pay them oracle will be unable to pay its debts this is not an opinion this is maths it's other businesses oracles by the way in hardware and software licensing they're plateauing they have been for quite some time and its only growth market is renting out ai compute using gpus that burn out fast and are upgraded on a yearly cycle, meaning that by the time Stargate Abilene is completed, its Blackwell GPUs will be two or even three years old. In fact, all of Stargate will be full of years-old GPUs if it ever gets completed. Like, think about it. Pretty much every data center you know is going to have obsolete GPUs, because if it takes two, three years to build one, and these ones are being filled with Blackwell GPUs, well, by the time the fucking things are done, well, you're going to have a thing full of years-old GPUs. the same thing's going to happen with Vera Rubin. And I don't know, the next one, I think they're just going to call them Red Fu. They're going to name him after one of the blokes from LMFAO. Jensen Huang is a huge LMFAO fan. He's just blasting shots, shots, shots, shots, shots, constantly at NVIDIA. Party Rock Anthem plays at every board meeting. It's very weird. If you've heard anything, this is all made up. I'm just having some fun. But look, look, look, look. I'm deeply confused that nobody else is on this I am genuinely, genuinely confused where the fuck is Michael Burry Michael Burry came back out of the shadows, Cassandra Unchained he came out of the shadows he was going to blog about this stuff he did one blog about depreciation with Nvidia and Meta and then a real big juicy wet kiss to Jack Clark over at Anthropic in a supposed debate about the AI bubble that mostly involved Michael Burry saying, Claude's so good, I love it so much. What the fuck is the point of someone like Michael fucking Burry if he can look at something like this The numbers are there Oracle is very likely going to die unless it starts backing away from these data center projects and all signs point to it accelerating towards building them as fast as possible. Even if it succeeds, OpenAI cannot afford to pay for them. $75 billion a year is so much money. I think Microsoft's operating costs like $150 something billion and Microsoft's very, very, very profitable. And I sat and thought about how I might be wrong about this one a lot because it's a huge claim to make, but I cannot find a way that Oracle actually makes this work. And every time I tell somebody about it, they just respond with inshallah. Anyway, if you like all the sound of this, check out the premium newsletter that will be out later today. There's a discount code in the show notes link. Click it, please. A principal form of income now. but even if you do not pay to subscribe there is a generous free section and a summary at the bottom of it that will give you a great deal of the story you'll be able to get the the highlights now the beat will be in there if you want to pay but i don't want to gate too much of this information i'll be back next week i think i'll have an episode on wednesday but if i'm honest if i'm too ill or if if i'm just run down because i've had family in the hospital i might skip but I think I've got one in session. Either way, catch me on the Reddit, shoot me a slub on Plurk, whatever, however you want to contact me. I love hearing from you all. Cheers. I love you all. I'm Miles Turner. And I'm Brianna Stewart. And our podcast, Game Recognized Game, has never been done before. Two active players giving you a real look at our lives and what we actually think on and off the court. Nothing's off limits. We talk tanking. I might get in trouble for this answer, but I think it's like definitely happening in the WBA. We talk about our mistakes too. They pulled me to the side and was like, hey man, we got a call last night, man. You can't be rolling around the city like this the night before games. Check out Game Recognized Game with Stewie and Miles on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Most people out here think that taking care of one another is important. And most people would step up for a neighbor going through a tough time. Most people around here help out friends and family when they need it. But the funny thing is, most of us won't look for help when we need it. Talk to someone if you're struggling with mental health, because most people out here really care. Find more information at loveyourmindtoday.org. That's loveyourmindtoday.org. Brought to you by the Huntsman Mental Health Institute and the Ad counsel. On the Sino Show podcast, each episode invites you into a raw, unfiltered conversations about recovery, resilience, and redemption. On a recent episode, I sit down with actor, cultural icon Danny Trail to talk about addiction, transformation, and the power of second chances. The entire season two is now available to bench, featuring powerful conversations with guests like Tiffany Addish, Johnny Knoxville, and more. I'm an alcoholic. If without this group, I'm gonna die. Listen to Sino's show on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hi, I'm Bob Pittman, Chairman and CEO of iHeartMedia, and I'm kicking off a brand new season of my podcast, Math & Magic, Stories from the Frontiers of Marketing. Math & Magic takes you behind the scenes of the biggest businesses and industries while sharing insights from the smartest minds in marketing. Coming up this season on Math & Magic, CEO of Liquid Death, Mike Cesario. People think that creative ideas are like these light bulb moments that happen when you're in the shower. Or it's really like a stone sculpture. You're constantly just chipping away and refining. Take-Two Interactive CEO Strauss Selnick and our own chief business officer Lisa Coffey. Listen to Math & Magic on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. This is an iHeart Podcast. Guaranteed human.