126: Aesop's Fables & Big Fat Butts

Hey guys, I'm traveling right now, so please excuse the poor quality of this iPhone voice memo. But I just wanted to tell you, I filmed this episode of the Broski Report prior to January 24th. And in the time since, the continued, targeted, unethical, complete brute violence of masked ICE agents across the United States has only gotten worse. ICE has killed nine people this year. It's not even February yet. We're watching the indisputable evidence filmed on phones, on the ground, before our eyes, and we're watching the Trump administration lie about it. They're lying about it. Their goal is to exhaust you. Their goal is to make you feel powerless. And like, this is all inevitable, but it's not, and you're not powerless. Resistance is the only way to usher in true change. History will tell you that. Community-led protests are happening all across the U.S., and I urge you to participate in any way you feel is right for you. No small thing is too small. I've compiled some vetted resources on how to take action for immigrant justice and protester rights. You can check those out in the description. But the easiest thing that takes less than five minutes is to visit fivecalls.org, locate a script that you resonate with, and then call your senators and representatives and keep calling. If you attend any protests, make sure to stay warm, stay safe, keep your phone charged and look out for each other. Thanks for listening. I know this feels so heavy and I'm right there with you, but I need you to stay strong, stay hopeful. I'm here with you and they will not win. Enjoy this week's episode. I hope it provides an hour of escapism and take care of yourself. Talk to you next week. Bye for now. Direct from the Broski Nation headquarters in Los Angeles, California. This is the Broski Report with your host, Brittany Broski. You know what to do with that big fat butt. Wiggle, wiggle, wiggle. You know what to do with that big fat butt. You know what to do with that big fat butt wiggle, wiggle, wiggle. This is, let me just say something. This is a prime example of men getting away with anything. What do you mean? Do you know how many artists would literally sell their soul to be signed to a record label to, like, share their art with the world? Real, human, well-made art. And what hits the radio is you know what to do with that big fat butt. Wiggle, wiggle, wiggle. I just, that song had popped into my head and I said, oh my god. Wow. Okay, guys, welcome back to the Big Fat Butt Report. Today, I'm going to be your host, Big Ol' Broski. I don't really have a big fat butt. I kind of have the opposite. Unfortunately, I'm doing more of a Hank Hill butt, okay? And for those of you who are not familiar, Hank Hill butt. as a woman why do you have a hank hill butt i was born that way okay lady gaga made born this way about my hank hill butt and i think that is really representative i think it's very inclusive and uh sometimes if you're a woman with a hank hill butt you just have to seek community and just pray your way through it. If you have a Hank Hillbutt, meaning it's concave, if you have an ass that is almost inverted, you got to just pray your way through it. You have to let go and let God. And look, that's how life goes. That's how the cookie crumbles. That's what it is. Hank Hillbutt, all right? Guys, this is gonna be the research episode. I am in a silly, goofy mood, and I have a lot to Google, and unfortunately, everything I have to Google is, like, really smart, and I don't feel very smart right now, so this should be awesome and fun and cool. Also, I'm not much different than last week. something, bitch, when I was asleep last night, deep in the throes of a restful slumber, something crawled up my muumuu and bit me, and I just found out what the bug was. It was the Jacob Elordi bug. It was the Jacob Elordi beetle. It crawled up my nightgown and bit me on my ankle, but I now have an open sore that the Jacob Elordi bug had kind of, you know, bit and opened and now it's festering and it's just like, I have to think about Jacob Elordi all the time. That's what it is. And he strikes me as someone, hi Jacob, if you're watching, he strikes me as someone who is, you know, like a gentle creature. Almost like, what does Drew say? Like a stray cat. You would almost have to like hold your hand out to feed Jacob Elordi and look away and let him come to you. Because you can't command a presence like that, okay? He, you know what makes me giggle? And there are a lot of people like this. And look, I deeply respect it, okay? This, what I'm about to say. I have a profound respect for this archetype of personality in Hollywood. The actor who does not want to be famous fucking hates, hates being famous. Like, abhor. He hates being famous, bro. I think Paul Meskel's the same. Like, in order to make the art that they want to make, they have to, like, be in the public eye. And that's, like, torturing them death by a thousand cuts. Like, it's just intolerable. And it makes me sad watching him, like, hate it. And he's in his Chaperone era right now, clapping back at people who make his life unlivable. And look, okay, women get it so much worse. Women get it so much worse. But I do have a soft spot for any person who's, like, in pursuit of doing what they want to do. You have to deal with ancillary, you know, struggles. I get it. I get it. Okay. And I'm not saying, oh, take pity on actors, but I am saying, holy shit, let the man shop for books. You know what I mean? Made him all self-conscious about book shopping now. I feel horrible. Jacob, we're sorry. But did I look up Jacob Lorty wallpaper on Pinterest? Yes, I did. There's some great picks. There's some great selections on Pinterest.com. All right. Enough of this bullshit, chicken shit, horse shit. Put this Hank Hill ass on my feed. This is the Google episode. Let's go ahead and get into it. I have been compiling a list of things that I want to Google for the past few months. So this is a long time coming and you know what to do with that big fat butt. Drop a like, drop a comment saying hashtag big fat butt, hashtag wiggle, wiggle, wiggle. And guys, let's get this video to 1 billion views, okay? You want to know something fucked up I just found out randomly that has nothing to do with what I'm about to talk about in this episode? Hosier has a tattoo. Hosier has a tattoo that is on his arm and it says, Noli Timere, which is Latin for don't be afraid, which apparently is one of Seamus Heaney's last words. What the fuck? Here's the story. It was the last message poet Seamus Heaney sent his wife before his death. and it was tattooed by Hosier's friend, Stevie Appleby. Hosier has said that if someone's going to permanently mark your skin, it should be someone you like. Hosier, it's fucked up and slutty to get a tattoo like that. You know what I mean? Like get a tattoo of a rose and a clock and a lion like every other white guy. Just do it. Just lean in. I almost think at this point, if you get a tattoo of a rose, a clock, and a lion and like someone's name in script, its camp in a way that the Met Gala could only dream of recreating. Bitch, if I would have gone to the Met Gala that year, I would have done in a whole body like, oh my God, I see the look so clearly in my head. It would have been one of those see-through Jean-Paul Gaultier a la Jean-Paul Gaultier type of sheer long-sleeve turtleneck fits, except it would have been a dress all the way down to my ankles and I would have had a tiny little strappy kitten heel and the look would have been literally neck to ankle shitty tattoos. But not just shitty tattoos, like quintessential overdone mass-produced bad tattoos. That's what I would have done. That's camp, bitch. Take something that is so overdone and do it. Like, wait, wait. Yeah, I think that would have been my look And I would have done it with victory rolls I would have done it with 50s hair And a red lip And like a really thick wing eyeliner I just see this in my head I have to do it I don't know Are y'all rocking with what I'm putting down? Like that's camp I don't know Like when you walk into a tattoo shop And it's all the shit that's on the walls Like, whether it's American trad or whether it's, you know, you post, you see a post from someone you knew from high school on Facebook, like, new sleeve, just done. And it's the worst tattoos you've ever seen in your life. Like, that's camp. And if someone steals my fucking idea, you're done. You're done and I'm suing. Yeah, see you in court. See you in court. Okay. Yeah. Can you believe that about Hosier's tattoo? Anyway, here's the preface for this episode. Here's the preface for this episode. I had an iced coffee and a red ball and I'm crashing from the sugar. And so I don't give a fuck. I don't fucking care. Like literally I don't care. I am looking at humanity, my humanity specifically from an alien lens. Let me say that again. I'm Looking at humanity, specifically my humanity from an alien lens. And the lights are hurting my eyes. I have to go get sunglasses. I'll be right back. You know what to do with that big fat butt. You, you, you. You know what to do with that big fat butt. Bruno. Bruno. Bruno. Bruno. Bruno. No, no, no, no. Big fat. Big fat butt. Okay. I'm looking at my humanity through an alien list. What? Why do any of you listen to this podcast? Okay, let's Google some shit about the Romans and about the Titans and the Olympic gods. Okay, the Olympians, if you will. Actually, we're not going to start there. We're going to start with psychology. In my Frankenstein hoodie, in my Guillermo del Toro Frankenstein hoodie. Thank you. In the spirit of looking at my humanity through an alien lens. And by that, I mean, what makes us fundamentally human? My top line answer is our folly. We are so riddled terminally with folly. We are stupid, impractical, selfish, childish creatures. And this I find very interesting when I take myself out of my human body, okay? When I leave this fleshy meat sack, this stinky, warm, wet meat sack, and I look at what constitutes my brain and the things that drive me, the things that motivate me. And I don't mean in a career sense. I mean in life to do anything. What motivates, like you eat because you're hungry. These basic motivations. I am turning and I am questioning because I want to know. That's the basis of it. I don't, I took a psychology and sociology class in college and I did it just to get a good grade. Okay. And I also took it at a community college and it got to a where I was so inquisitive. I'm a teacher's nightmare. I was so inquisitive that the poor instructor at this community college was like, I don't know, okay? I don't know. They don't pay me enough to know. He said, the psychology 101, just do the group project and fuck off. And I said, okay, but why do you think that? And what about human nature makes? He said, I don't know. Like it got to a point one time, Where I obviously understood the subject matter to a level that was far surpassing just mere definitions and whatever. Like, I'm now turning a critical eye on the text that I'm reading. And I'm like, but why? And can you answer this? And okay what about from this perspective or whatever And the teacher literally goes do you want to come up here and teach the class in like a really sarcastic mean way This is a community college by the way Do you want to teach the class And I said, no. And he said, don't let me get through the lesson. And I said, sir, I don't think you should be in education. That's what I should have said. I just said, okay, because I don't give a fuck. I'm here to get a good grade and, you know, apply the credit to my degree at A&M. Like, but looking back, I'm like, what a dick. What a dick. I made him look critically at the syllabus and the subject matter he was teaching and he was like, I don't fucking know. And so he made the student feel stupid. That is so fucked up. Anyway, fuck you, Mr. Whatever Your Name Was. And now I'm about to Google it and teach everyone what I wanted my question to be answered as, okay? Where you fail to provide an answer, I will now seek it on my own from a peer-reviewed journal. Thank you very much. Here's my number one question. Are humans rule followers by nature? Are humans rule followers by nature? And I did a little preemptive Googling and I found nature.com. Now nature.com is the world's leading multidisciplinary science journal. Nature publishes the finest peer-reviewed research. It was first published in 1869. Okay. That's, I guess, I'm sure they have other credentials, but I just wanted to give an overview before I read this. All right, strap in. We're looking at humanity through a critical alien lens. Why people follow rules. This was published about 10 months ago, nine months ago. Why people follow rules, especially laws and social norms, is debated across the human sciences. The importance of intrinsic respect for rules is particularly controversial. To reveal the behavioral principles of rule following, we develop CRISP, an interdisciplinary framework that explains rule conformity. C, as a function of intrinsic respect for rules, R, extrinsic incentives, I, social expectations, S, and social preferences, P. Okay, so let's look at that again. Rule conformity, intrinsic respect for rules, extrinsic incentives, social expectations, and social preferences. We deploy CRISP in four series of online experiments with 14,000 English speaking participants. In our baseline experiments, 55 to 70% of participants conform to an arbitrary costly rule. Arbitrary costly rule, even though they act anonymously and alone and violations hurt no one. Okay, this is tea. This is like the Stanford prison experience. No, not the Stanford prison experience. What's the other one? The, oh, come on. Don't make me Google it. I know this. It's the experiment they did post-World War II to see if Nazis really were, quote unquote, just following rules, or if there was kind of a pre-existing, you know you're hurting someone and you continue to do it. What was that experiment? The Milgram experiment? Stanley Milgram's Obedience Studies, conducted in the 1960s, these studies investigated the extent to which ordinary people would follow orders to inflict pain on another person. The purpose was to understand how ordinary people could commit atrocities, such as those in the Holocaust, simply by following orders. Okay, so with that kind of as context where this has been studied for a very, very long time, and I don't know if there's a concrete answer, let's move forward with this CRISP study. Oh, this is like the summary. Oh, sorry. God, it's been so long since I've been in school. This is the abstract of the experiment, which kind of says what they attempted to research, how they did it, and then I guess the conclusion. So that's the abstract, and then we'll get into the main. So in our baseline experiments, 55 to 70% of participants conform to an arbitrary costly rule, even though they act anonymously and alone and violations hurt no one. We show that people expect rule conformity and view it as socially appropriate. Rule breaking is contagious, but remains moderate. Pro-social motives and extrinsic incentives increase rule conformity, But unconditional rule following and social expectations explain most of it. Social expectations, that's not to be overstated or I guess underestimated. Like shame and bullying and not being included. All of those things are way more powerful motivators than I think we give it credit for. Like there's nothing worse than being dogpiled on or being called stupid or being called something that you're not. or having your character misinterpreted, maybe because you've misrepresented your own character. Like all these things are, they really go a long way in terms of following the rules or whatever invisible rules there are in your life. Pro-social motives and extrinsic incentives increase rule conformity. Our results demonstrate that respect for rules and social expectations are basic elements of rule conformity that can explain why people follow laws and social norms even without extrinsic incentives and social preferences. Rules regulate social life and are fundamental for maintaining stable social order and fostering large-scale cooperation in society. Rules are principles or maxims that prescribe or proscribe a particular standard of behavior, like do this, don't do that, and they come in various forms, as orders, regulations, and guidelines issued by authorities, as laws and legal statutes, and as informal social and moral norms. Which is stuff like walk on this side of the street, right? Like that's what I'm, and it's interesting how, well, of course it's interesting, but that's such a throwaway word of how when you, different countries, different whatever, how much of an outsider you feel when you don't conform to these rules that you didn't know existed. That's a whole other piece of this that I can't even like, how do you study that? You know, like I'm more than willing to conform to these rules, but shaming me into not, it all just works together. If I'm in Europe or if I'm in Asia and I'm walking on the opposite side of the street or I'm, you know, walking through the middle of traffic and people are having to part for me, then that's like, I'm going to feel a certain way about that after I do it enough or I'm like, okay, I'm going to conform because I don't, it's uncomfortable to be, you know, have your nose turned up at that, or like to know that you're the cause of a social disruption, I guess. And maybe for baby boomers and Gen Xers, they don't really give a fuck. Now that's another thing to kind of investigate is how it varies between generations, regional differences, country differences, ethnicity, nationality, generational, gender. You know, women, we move out of the way when a man's walking. Stop. Don't do that. I saw, you know, like if someone's coming at you and you're making eye contact with them, fucking shoulder check them. Like it should be a mutual thing to move out of each other's way. Men don't do that. Men are not very accommodating. It's a man's world and we're all just living in it. Like it's a personal choice and an intentional decision to not conform in that sense. Despite the omnipresence of rules in everyone's lives, the fundamental reasons why people follow them are not well understood. This lack of understanding is possibly due to a confluence of motives, which are debated controversially across the human sciences. Do people follow rules out of obedience to authority or respect for tradition? Or do people have an intrinsic respect for a rule because the rule says do X, and therefore people perceive it as a deontic constraint, that is, an unconditional non-instrumentalist requirement that places an interior demand or a duty on how they should behave? Or do people follow rules out of self-interest, fearing that the potential costs of sanctions outweigh the benefits of breaking them? Do people conform to rules to meet social expectations, what they think others will do or demand of them? Or do they follow rules due to pro-social motivations, considering the impact of their behavior on others. I think that comes down to the person. I mean, all of these come down to the person, but that one specifically, are you considerate enough to think, are my actions or me following this rule, is that to preserve the good faith or good, I guess, what am I trying to say? Like, am I considerate of other people? And is that how I move through life? And will I follow social rules that align with that. We believe our evidence of substantial, unconditional rule following is an important result. The reason is that intrinsic respect for rules is arguably required for social order in many situations in which extrinsic incentives, which provide self-interest-based reasons for rule following, are weak or absent, and consequences for others are not salient. This argument has been made long before us, but its importance has remained controversial, not least for lack of evidence for an intrinsic respect for rules. With the help of CRISP, our study provides lack of evidence for an intrinsic respect for rules. I get that. I don't inherently respect the law because it's the law. I respect it because I guess I agree with it. And then that gets down to the nitty gritty. I don't agree with every law. And then that's why we vote. And that's why politics is so important is because we're mandating how we govern ourselves and our kids and our future, you know, and how we've seen. I just, yeah, I'm not, I don't believe that humans would ever just follow a law because it is a law. This argument that humans are subservient by nature or submissive by nature. I don't know if I agree with that. Our results also suggest that sanctions for rule violations and social preferences increase rule conformity. Yeah, of course. If there's a punishment that is to be expected when you don't follow a rule, then people are going to follow a rule. You don't want to be punished. But they're not necessary to induce substantial rule following. Our findings may therefore help explain why important types of rule, social norms, laws, and orders guide so much of human behavior because conformity with them is high without any extrinsic incentives. And I think that's just human nature. You know, we don't, friction is uncomfortable. Okay. I mean, I could read this for literally ever. I think that's very, very interesting. You know, something that's tacked onto this, I guess on the flip side of the Milgram experiment, is why do humans want power? So much media and so much of what we consume in a day is all about the dynamics of power, obtaining it, losing it, fighting for it. Like everything is in the pursuit of it. Every great story, every book, every movie, it's about a transfer of power or a vacuum of power. All of this is so interesting. Why? Why is it so magnetic? Again, I told you, I'm looking at this from like I was born yesterday. Like I've never interacted with humanity before. And if I was looking at humans and you look at the history of the world and it's like everything ever has been fought over power. That's all it is. Power and money. And what is money but power and freedom? All of the, I mean, it's just so simple, like simplifying it down. So with that being the question, we're now going to go to psychologytoday.com. Motivation for power. Why do people want to be in charge? It's a simple question, but like why? This episode is sponsored by Rocket Money. Are you organizing your finances on your own? Is it stressful? I can imagine. Are you bad with money? Do you have a shopping addiction? Are there things you want to save for but can't find the money? If any of these things apply to you, then you might want to give Rocket Money a try. Rocket Money is a personal finance app that helps find and cancel your unwanted subscriptions, monitors your spending and helps lower your bills so you can grow your savings. They offer an automatic transaction categorization across accounts, plus customizable categories and tags to reveal spending patterns and add context. You could set aside money for a specific trip or something achievable to look forward to. You can set budgets and goals, get personalized insights and regular reports and receive real-time alerts for large transactions, upcoming bills, refunds, and low balances. The app consolidates checking, savings, loans, and investments into a single dashboard to give users a clear view of their financial picture. Let Rocket Money help you reach your financial goals faster. Join at rocketmoney.com slash broski report. That's rocketmoney.com slash broski report. Rocketmoney.com slash broski report. This episode is sponsored by Mint Mobile. Now that the holidays are over, you might be feeling like you've got a big spending hangover. The drinks, the holiday food, the gifts, the travel, it all adds up. Luckily, Mint Mobile is here to help you cut back on overspending on wireless this January with 50% off unlimited premium wireless. Mint Mobile's end of year sale is still going on, but only until the end of the month. Cut out big wireless's bloated plans and unnecessary monthly charges with 50% off three, six, or 12 months of unlimited. All plans come with high-speed data and unlimited talk and text delivered on the nation's largest 5G network. Use your own phone with any Mint Mobile plan and bring your phone number along with all your existing contacts. If I had needed this product about five years ago, this is what I would have used, trust me. This January, quit overspending on wireless with 50% off unlimited premium wireless. Plans start at $15 a month at mintmobile.com slash broski. That's mintmobile.com slash broski. Limited time offer. Upfront payment of $45 for three months, $90 for six months, or $180 for 12 months. Plan required, $15 a month equivalent. Taxes and fees extra, initial plan term only. More than 50 gigabytes may slow when network is busy. Capable device required. Availability speed and coverage varies See mintmobile This is by who did this Jeremy Nicholson MSW PhD persuasion bias and choice are his specialties And it was reviewed by Jessica Schrader. He says, previously, I discussed the difference between harmful and helpful types of power. Put simply, hard styles of power can diminish self-determination, decreasing motivation and commitment. In contrast, soft styles of power have the opposite effect, increasing self-determination, motivation, and commitment. That analysis left open two main questions, though. First, why do individuals seek to obtain power? Second, how do those motivations impact their choice of leadership and influence styles? Therefore, I went back to the research for answers. Okay, he cites a study here from 2018. Individuals seek power in leadership positions for two reasons. On one hand, they may be motivated to obtain control over others, especially to influence their behavior. And on the other hand, they might be motivated by personal control instead, particularly to increase their own self-determination and autonomy. This difference echoes back to Mary Parker Follett's earlier distinction between power over others, like coercion, versus power with others, like co-action, in management situations. Furthermore, much as Follett noted almost a century before, they also found that each type of motivation led to different leadership behaviors and outcomes. Those who sought power to control others tended to be aggressive and exploitative. Those who wanted more personal control over their own lives, however, were not aggressive or exploitative as leaders. Thus, power only seemed to be corrupting and negative for those who sought it to control other people in the first place. Yeah, I'm getting that. But here's the eternal question. Again, I wish I had an expert sitting in the corner that I could be like, come here. Maybe that's something for 2026 that we'll start working on. If I'm like, this is going to be the theme of this episode and I have a resident expert or we phone them in, I think that'd be really freaking cool. Because if I had a PhD psychologist in this room with me, damn, I'd be bombarding them with questions. My question therefore is, does power corrupt? Is power the variable or are human beings the variable? And I guess depending on which study or which, however you want to frame the research, who knows? But I think that's an interesting point of if you are, you know, altogether an altruistic person, maybe you only have minimal selfish impulses, you're a person of the people, you're just normal, okay? If that person is thrust into the limelight, given power, given infinite money, given access, and told over and over that they're deserving of it. You know, you were meant for this. You belong in this position. Does that power corrupt the individual? Who knows, right? I think in some cases, yes. I think if you have a weak constitution, then yes. But who knows? You could be a normal, fine average, you know, not evil person. And I believe that power corrupts. In this study, I will now be to, I'm going to do my own research on Broski Nation citizens. I'm going to round a few of you guys up and I'm going to make one of you be the leader and one of you guys be the whatever. And I'm going to be like, yes, yes. Tell me the findings. Did power corrupt you when you created a city state within Broski Nation? Yes. Tell me. Yeah. Yeah. See? Yeah. No, no, no. I say. Okay. Okay. That's, that's about as deep as I want to get into that. Very interesting. Okay. I mean, I could read about this shit for literally ever, and I've already been talking for 30 minutes about what, who knows. Okay. Let's get into some less serious. That was just some shit. You know, you know what to do with that big fat butt. I want to look up what is meant by the lion share of something. The, can I type? The lion share, meaning and origin. Headed over to good old Wikipedia. The lion share is an idiomatic expression, which now refers to the major share of something. The phrase derives from the plot of a number of fables ascribed to Aesop. Aesop's fables. Wow. Haven't heard that in a long time. And now who the fuck was Aesop? I love their soap. I loved her soap. I'm actually burning one of their candles. This candle is so damn good. And I don't know the name of it. Okay, it was given to me. I'll give you the name and the description, I guess. Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and storyteller who lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 BCE. of varied and unclear origins. The stories associated with his name have descended to modern times through a number of sources and continue to be reinterpreted in different verbal registers and in popular as well as artistic media. It was an oral tradition. They weren't collected until about three centuries after Aesop's death. How do we know it's real? I guess not real, but how do we know that this is the real story? The true intended meaning? I guess we don't. And isn't that the folly of humanity? How do we know that the Bible's real? We don't. Well, you have to have faith. Okay, what if I don't? Isn't that the point of religion? Yeah, I guess it is. And I guess that's what separates humans from animals is like we have a spirituality, we have a faith system. Maybe we yearn to worship something bigger than ourselves. Maybe we recognize how small we are in the grand scheme of things and we yearn to worship whatever created that grand scheme of things. Who knows? Especially when the fables were written three centuries after Bro died. Okay, who knows? By that time, a variety of other stories, jokes, and proverbs were being ascribed to him, although some of that material was from sources earlier than him or came from beyond the Greek cultural sphere. Okay, so keeping that in mind, let's go back to Lion Shares and Aesop's Fable, and is used here as their generic title. There are two main types of story, which exist in several different versions. Other fables exist in the East that feature division of prey in such a way that the divider gains the greater... What? What? Wikipedia, don't piss me off. A division of prey, like if you're the lion, in such a way that the divider gains the greatest part. Again, power. Okay, if you're in power, you get more. You get a greater share. or even the whole. In English, the phrase used in the sense of nearly all only appeared at the end of the 18th century. The French equivalent, le partage du lion, is recorded from the start of that century following La Fontaine's version of the fable. And who the hell is La Fontaine? Jean de La Fontaine collected fables from a wide variety of sources, both Western and Eastern, and adapted them into French free verse. Okay. Humorous, nuanced, and ironical. Ironical. They were originally aimed at adults, but then entered the educational system and required learning for school children. Very interesting. Okay, let's... So there's a bunch of different versions of the lion's share. Let's read the Phaedrus version. The early Latin version of Phaedrus begins with the reflection that partnership with the mighty is never trustworthy. Bitch, how did I met? You give me two topics and I will find a through line. I will find a way to relate them. Bitch, give me 30 seconds and I will do it. This is actually nuts. I did not plan this. Everything has a through line. I take the first, okay, what did I do? The Mighty, a partnership with the Mighty is never trustworthy. Power! It then relates how a cow, a goat, and a sheep go hunting together with a lion. When it comes to dividing the spoil, the lion says, I take the first portion because of my title, since I am addressed as king. The second portion you will assign to me, since I'm your partner. Then because I am the stronger, the third will follow me, and an accident will happen to anyone who touches the fourth. This was listed as fable 339 in the Perry Index. Okay, don't care. The number of differing very... Here's another one. The lion is joined by officers of his court, a wild ox and a wolf, who divide the catch into three and invite their lord to apportion it. Then on another occasion, when the lion is accompanied by a goat and a sheep, the deer they take is divided into four. In both cases, the lion begins by claiming portions as a legal right and retains the others with threats. In La Fontaine's fables, there is a fourfold division between a heifer, a goat, and a lamb. Each of these the lion retains because he is king, the strongest, the bravest, and will kill the first who touches the fourth part. A Latin reference to Aesop's fable is found at the start of the Common Era, where the phrase societus leonina, a leonine company, was used by one Roman lawyer to describe the kind of unequal business partnership described by Aesop. The early 19th century writer Jeffress Taylor also retold the fable in terms of a commercial enterprise in his poem, The Beasts in Partnership. Here's the poem. This firm once existed, I'd have you to know. Messers, Lion, Wolf, Tiger, Fox, Leopard, and Co. These in business were joined, and of course, twas implied, they their stock should unite and the profits divide. Okay, very interesting. So it's Aesop's fable. Okay, in that vein, I've been trying to find a standalone copy of Ozymandias by, is it by Mary Shelley or is that by Percy Shelley? I think it's by Percy Shelley. It's a poem or a story about the ravaging of time against all great empires. That's what I've been told. Yeah, Percy Shelley. Ozymandias, summary. Oh my God, it's so short. I thought it was a book. Ozymandias by Percy Shelley is a famous sonnet about the transience of power, describing a shattered statue of a once mighty king in the desert. Okay, let's read it. I met a traveler from an antique land who said, two vast and trunkless legs of stone stand in the desert. Near them on the sand, half sunk, a shattered visage lies, visage as a face, whose frown and wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command tell that its sculptor well those passions read, which yet survive stamped on these lifeless things, the hand that mocked them and the heart that fed. And on the pedestal these words appear, my name is Ozymandias, king of kings. Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair. Nothing beside remains, round the decay of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare. The lone and level sands stretch far away. I mean, so yeah, that's actually pretty straightforward. I don't know why I was tweaking out thinking, I have to read Osmani. That's it. I mean, yeah, man is finite. Man will never have greater command over mother nature than that of God himself. when men try to play God, they are humbled inevitably. I think all these are takeaways. Let's read lit charts. Let's see what lit charts has to say about Osmundius. The speaker of the poem meets a traveler who came from an ancient land. The traveler describes two large stone legs of a statue which lack a torso to connect them and which stand upright in the desert. Near the legs, half buried in sand, is the broken face of the statue. The statue's facial expression, a frown and a wrinkled lip, form a commanding haughty sneer. The expression shows that the sculptor understood the emotions of the person the statue is based on, and now those emotions live on, carved forever on inanimate stone. In making the face, the sculptor's skilled hands mocked up a perfect recreation of those feelings, and of the heart that fed those feelings, and in the process so perfectly conveyed the subject's cruelty that the statue itself seems to be mocking its subject. Damn. The traveler next describes the words inscribed on the pedestal of the statue, which say, my name is Ozymandias, the king who rules over even other kings. Behold what I have built, all you who think of yourselves as powerful, and despair at the magnificence and superiority of my accomplishments. There is nothing else in the area. Surrounding the remnants of the large statue is a never-ending and barren desert with empty and flat sands stretching into the distance. Guys, everything reminds me of Red Rising. Can he finish the seventh book? I'm actually getting pissed off. Everything reminds me of Red Rising. This reminds me of Lysander. This reminds me of, um, who was his grandmother? Alun? Who was his fucking grandmother? Octavia. That's right. Yeah, this reminds me of Octavia and like all of the, all of that whole line of just you think that you are so divinely endowed with the need and burden of ruling, you think only you can do it, that it's like, oh my god, this happens to every single person who thinks that. Please let Trump be next. Please let Trump be next. Please, god, please. One of Shelley's most famous works, Ozymandias, describes the ruins of an ancient Yeah, we got it. Clearly, time hasn't been kind to this statue, whose pitiful state undercuts the bold assertion of its inscription. The fact that even this king of kings lies decaying in a distant desert suggests that no amount of power can withstand the merciless and unceasing passage of time. Period, bitch. And I hit every one of those consonants. Wow. The speaker goes on to explain that time not only destroyed this statue, it also essentially erased the entire kingdom the statue was built to overlook. The speaker immediately follows the king's declaration found on the pedestal of the statue. Look upon my works, ye mighty, and despair with a line, nothing beside remains. Such a savage contradiction makes the king's prideful dare almost comically naive. Ozymandias had believed that while he himself would die, he would leave a lasting and intimidating legacy through everything he built. Yet his words are ultimately empty, as everything he has built crumbled The people and places he ruled over are gone leaving only an abandoned desert whose lone and level sands imply that there not even a trace of the kingdom former glory to be found The pedestal's claim that onlookers should despair at Ozymandias's works thus takes on a new and ironic meaning. One despairs not at Ozymandias's power, but at how powerless time and decay make everyone. Dude, not to call back on when I walked through the Paris catacombs, but dude, there are so many inscriptions in there and beautiful quotes on some of the little infographics on the wall that talk about, you know, the digging up of the bodies and moving them when they had these big burial pits and how moving them underground was the solution, especially when the city was full of disease and sewage and whatever. Just these rotting corpses in a big pit was not the solution. So, you know, burning them and bringing them underground, whatever. There was an inscription that I talked about way long ago, like a year ago when I had just come back from Paris that said, here is true equality. Only in death are we all truly equal. And you can hope, and I do hope, for a future full of equality, a feminist future where we are seen for our merits, all of us, and not for what we look like or what is resting on our name, for a truly egalitarian future. Of course, that's a bit naive, but a girl can dream. only in death have we seen a true embodied picture of this concept. When you and I are lying in the ground, only our skulls remain. That is true equality. And I think that's a great, again, let me tie it in. Hold on, let me cook. Tying it into something as profound and timeless as Ozymandias, like there will always be ruthless and aggressive tyrants that want to take over the world. That there will always be someone who is desperately seeking power and will get it because idiots, sheeple, give them the mic until it's too late. And you realize it's too late and you were a part of the problem. You know, like this will keep happening. We don't learn from history. We're experiencing it right now. Whatever. Like, it's just when you look at it through a lens like this, it's like, wow. Ooh, I like this theme, the power of art. The skillful rendering of the statue itself and the words carved alongside it have survived long after Ozymandias and his kingdom turned to dust. And through this, Shelley's poem positions art as perhaps the most enduring tool in preserving humanity's legacy. And furthermore, fuck AI. And furthermore, oh my God. Guys, I love this podcast. I love doing this podcast because sometimes you read a line like that and then you get a chill down your spine and your nipples get hard. The most enduring tool in preserving humanity's legacy is art. This is why we need to fund the arts. This is why AI should be fucking banned. This is why creating things from a human hand and from a human mind. We are preserving our own humanity. A machine can't do that. A machine at its best performance of human artificial learning could never recreate. The fragments left behind of the statue interpret and preserve the king's personality and show onlookers throughout history what sort of a man and leader Ozymandias truly was. These fragments then are examples of art's unique ability to capture and relate an individual's character even after their death. And also the opposite. You know how Napoleon liked to be painted as tall and handsome? Girl, he wasn't. Girl, he wasn't. In fact, the poem explicitly emphasizes art's ability to bring personalities to life. The speaker explains that Ozymandias' passions yet survive on the broken statue despite being carved on lifeless stone. Ozymandias may be dead, yet thanks to the sculptor who read those passions and mocked or made an artistic reproduction of them, his personality and emotions live. In other words, his legacy and its failure only exist because a work of art, specifically a written work, preserved them. The poem therefore presents art as a means to immortality. While everything else disappears, art, even when broken and half buried in sand, can carry humanity's legacy. Why do I want to cry? The power of art is reflected by the composition of the poem itself. Shelley was aware that the ancient Greek writer Deodorus Siculus had described a statue of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II and had transcribed the inscription on its pedestal as, King of kings am I, Ozymandias. If anyone would know how great I am and where I lie, let him surpass one of my works. Shelley's poem exists solely because of Siculus's description. Shelley and his friend and fellow writer, Horace Smith, had challenged each other to a friendly competition over who could write the best poem inspired by that description. This poem was Shelley's entry, and it became by far the more famous of the two. Wow. It's also man versus nature. I mean, there's so many things from this, what, 14-line poem? So much to glean from it. Also, is it glean or gleam? Glean versus gleam. Whoa. Glean with an N refers to gathering information or objects bit by bit, while gleam with an M refers to a faint or reflected light. I guess that makes sense. And I guess maybe I knew that. Gleam is a fun word. Oh my God, you're gleaming. I'm about to gleam. Can I take a second to preach? If you guys will hear me preach for a second, make art, even if it's shitty, even if it's bad, just sit down and make it, please. I think it's important. And I think it's you practicing your humanity. and I think it is necessary. And I think that if you are a scientifically inclined person, great. But I think what might make you appreciate the scientific side of you more is if you do something with your hands and you create something and you say, wow, I made that. Even if it's shit. Like, look what these hands can do. My body regenerates itself and heals itself and my hands create beautiful things and my ears hear beautiful music and my mouth. I use my mouth to speak beautiful things into the world. I think that sounds so fucking preachy and nasty, but like I do believe it to my core. I think humans are art and some art is unsettling and disturbing and bad, just like humans. But at the core of it, I think it's kind of the point is to make art and be art and appreciate art. Right, guys? Last one. This was from some book I read and I wrote it down. I don't know. Like taking food in the Sealy court. And that was written, or I guess the author used it in a context of, I'm assuming eating fairy food is bad. Eating fairy food makes you crazy. Let's look it up. Sealy food. Sealy food refers to the magical often deceptive cuisine of the Seelie court in folklore known for enchanting but perilous treats. Seelie food is generally rich, nature-based, and tied to trickery, sometimes involving hallucinogenic or euphoric effects that trap mortals in their realm, contrasting with literal interpretations like seed-based snacks. No, I just know what I'm talking about, bro. Seelie court cuisine. And you guessed it, We're on britishfairies.wordpress.com. Well, it's that time of the show where we've made it to britishfairies.com. The Seelie and Unseelie Courts. Whoa. Whoa. What the fuck? The Seelie and Unseelie Courts of Scottish Fairies are a particular feature of the folklore of that country. The clear separation of the faes into good and bad groupings that's entailed is almost unique in folklore. Moreover, the notion of the two courts has, in recent years, attracted considerable attention and popularity, notwithstanding the fact that they are not mentioned in the majority of the Scottish fairy lore texts and collections. Probably the majority of recorded Scottish folklore relates to the Highlands and Islands, while Gaelic and Norse-speaking regions, which may explain why we have relatively little material documenting the two courts. The Scots word sealy derives from the Anglo-Saxon selic meaning happy or prosperous. The evolution of the word in Middle English and Scots seems to have been in two directions. One sense was pious, worthy, auspicious, or blessed. The second development extended the meaning incrementally through lucky, cheerful, innocent, and simple. From whence it was a short final step to simple-minded, as the modern English silly denotes, What? Everything goes back to fairies, bro. When I call you stupid, it means you're literally like a fairy. Like, you're literally silly. You're a fairy. Because of this evolution, as well as because of the dialectical differences between English and Scots, it's preferable to use sealy rather than to try to translate it. Scots is the language of lowland Scotland, and this gives us a sense of the realm of the sealy and unsealy courts. The unsealy court, therefore, might be expected to include such creatures as the red caps, Shelley Coat, the brown man of the mirrors, the powery, the dunter, and perhaps a hag like gentle anise. Hey, what are you guys talking about? Sorry, could you just repeat that one sec? Yeah, sorry, I'm just going to write it down. The powery, the dunter, how do you spell dunter? Okay, no, it's okay, we can move on. The Seelie Court, meanwhile, included the elves, the brownies, and the dooney. I've heard of brownies. Brownies are like fairies. A very early example of the use of Seelie is to be found in a poem from 1584. The ranks of the unseelie court are made up with those who had given themselves up to the devil, bad men who died fighting, unmarried mothers stolen during childbirth, and unbaptized babies. The wicked fairies are always ready to inflict harm and loss. They might shave victims out of spite, abduct people who placed themselves in their power, steal goods, and kill cattle with elf shot. Be warned, however, that we should not overstate the benignity of even the Sealy Court. For example, in the Ballad of Mary O'Kranjantung, her father curses the Sealy Court after his daughter is abducted by a fairy man. What the hell? He threatens to cut down their groves in revenge. The father is advised how to recover his child magically, but at the same time, he's warned how unwise it is to make such threats. By the way, take a moment to pause. You guys should read Half a Soul, that the fairy, what's it called? The fairy love story thing. It's very short read, Half a Soul, and then the other one, 10,000 Stitches. I love those fucking books. I gave the first one five stars. I think I gave the second one four stars. It was lovely. It's like a Regency era fairy tale. Amazing. And I think they do a good job, and this is me having absolutely no credibility in this field, but having an opinion anyway. Isn't that how it goes? They do a good job of describing walking into the fairy realm and also leaving the fairy realm and how everything is different there. They live by different rules and terms. And yes, it's still within England, but there's like an invisible barrier. I think they do a really fun job of describing what I envision the fairy realm to be like. 30, by the way. Okay, he manages to retrieve the young woman and seems very like the rescue of Tam Lin, but he soon dies because nain air cursed the Seelicourt and ever after thrive. Can't fuck with the Seelicourt, you'll die. It was well known in Scotland that conduct like that, by the way, that was not supposed to be Scottish. That was just kind of reading it phonetically, so sorry about that. It was well known in Scotland that conduct like that of Mary's father could only mean that the person would pine away, having seen all their affairs go to ruin. An identical fate would befall any person who plowed up a fairy ring. Now what's a fairy ring? Oh, duh, it's where the mushrooms grow in a circle. Fungi are closely associated with the phase. For example, it is said in Wales that mushrooms serve as fairy parasols, and as is widely known, fairy rings mark the site of the fairy's nocturnal dancing. This fact could easily be proved. Set up a stick and a ring overnight and it would be found knocked down by the phase the next morning. All right, guys. I could talk about fairies for the next three hours. I guess we could pick up next week, but thanks for listening. And what a journey we took today. I hope you have some things to think about. I would love to hear your thoughts, opinions, and comments in the comment section, wherever you're watching, TikTok, YouTube, whatever. Let me know what you think about power and about are we rule followers and don't ever step in a fairy ring. Don't fuck with nature like that, okay? You want merch, go to broski.shop. If you want to watch Royal Court, go watch it. It's a great medieval-themed interview show. If you want to listen to the Broski Nation playlist, go find it. There's an official playlist in the description and on Spotify. If you are feeling altruistic, there are some links in my description for various causes that I believe in. If you want this episode ad-free, go to patreon.com and find me on there. It's ad-free and you get one message from me a month. That's it. There's no bonus content. It's just ad-free. Thank you guys so much for listening. I love you to death. And wow, how is January almost over? What the fuck? Be good. I love y'all to death. And I'll talk to you next week. Bye.