Wow in the World

Mummified Bees!

21 min
Jan 26, 20264 months ago
Listen to Episode
Summary

This episode explores the discovery of 3,000-year-old mummified bees found off the Portuguese coastline in 2019. Scientists used X-ray micro-computed tomography to examine the perfectly preserved bee colonies without damaging their protective cocoons, revealing insights into ancient bee behavior and survival.

Insights
  • Ancient bee colonies used waterproof cocoons as protective mechanisms, allowing preservation for millennia under specific environmental conditions
  • Scientific investigation revealed that sudden temperature drops, not starvation, likely caused the colony's demise despite abundant pollen reserves
  • Modern imaging technology enables non-destructive analysis of delicate historical specimens, opening new research possibilities
  • Bee species have demonstrated remarkable evolutionary resilience, with 25+ species still thriving in Portugal after 3,000 years
  • Bees have existed for over 120 million years, indicating exceptional biological adaptation and survival capacity
Trends
Non-destructive imaging technologies enabling archaeological discoveries without specimen damageClimate and weather pattern analysis as key factors in understanding historical extinction eventsLong-term species survival and adaptation across geological timescalesMuseum exhibition design incorporating interactive technology and multimedia storytellingEducational content bridging scientific research with family-friendly engagement
Topics
Mummified bee coloniesPortuguese coastal archaeologyX-ray micro-computed tomographyAncient insect preservationClimate change and species extinctionBee biology and behaviorMuseum exhibition curationScientific research methodologyEvolutionary biologyEnvironmental history
Companies
Natural Rejo UNESCO Global Geopark
Research organization that discovered the 3,000-year-old mummified bee colony off Portuguese coastline in 2019
TinkerCast
Production company behind Wow in the World podcast and World Organization of Wowsers membership program
People
Mindy Thomas
Co-writer and host of Wow in the World podcast
Tom Van Kalkin
Co-writer of Wow in the World podcast
Jed Anderson
Supervising Producer and voice actor for Wow in the World
Dr. Natasha Crandall
Credited contributor to Wow in the World episode production
Quotes
"In 2019, a team of researchers from the Natural Rejo UNESCO Global Geopark were searching along the Portuguese coastline for signs of how the ecosystem in that area had changed over time. What they found was astonishing."
Narrator (from exhibition introduction)Mid-episode
"By using a machine called an X-ray micro-computed tomography, scientists were able to make three-dimensional scans of the mumbees without destroying their protective cocoons."
Exhibition descriptionLate episode
"Overall, bees and their ancestors have been around for more than 120 million years. And they're not going anywhere anytime soon."
Documentary narratorLate episode
Full Transcript
Hey, Bowser fams! Mindy year! And before we start the show! Oh! Hey, Reg! What's that? A new pigeon dropping? Isn't that the postcard you send out to members of the world organization of Wowsers every quarter? Can I see it? What? You need to see if I'm a member of the WOW first? But Reg, come on! It's me, Mindy! Huh? You're not seeing a Mindy on the list? Okay, uh, try a Mandy. I think Thomas Finkirling signed me up. Yes! Can I get my pigeon dropping now? What? I gotta wait for it in the mail? But it's right there! Okay, fine. Guess I'll go wait out by the mailbox. In the meantime, to get the next quarterly mailing from Reggie, runups, you can sign your Wowser up to be a member of the World Organization of Wowsers by Monday March 16th. It's so top secret I haven't even seen it yet. Now, where'd I put my mailbox? Runups, when you sign your Wowser up to be a member of the World Organization of Wowsers, you also get birthday cards in the mail from me and Guy Ross, access to over a thousand online activities inspired by our podcast, and a welcome kit from me and Guy Ross, including our autographs and a special t-shirt. Plus, you get to help support all the work that goes into powering the WOW at TinkerCast. Runups, visit TinkerCast.com, slash membership to sign up today. That's TinkerCast.com slash membership. That's it! And now, let's get back to the show. 14, 3, 2, 1, and then kick it! The Monday part of my show is the membership for the World Organization of Wowsers. Runups, when you sign up for the World Organization of Wowsers, you get to help support all the work that goes into powering the Wowsers. That's it! Runups, when you sign up for the World Organization of Wowsers, you get to help support all the work that goes into powering the Wowsers. Runups, when you sign up for the World Organization of Wowsers, you get to help support all the work that goes into powering the Wowsers. I don't know what that is. I got a poop. Ugh. Gross Thomas Fingirling that's disgusting. No, Nate. What's disgusting is waking everyone up at 7 a.m. forcing them into your little ice cream truck here. And that taking them on a surprise field trip before they've had their morning constitutional. Ugh! Ah! Yeah! But it's going to be so much fun! The Beam Museum, everyone! Don't you all want to see the hive? Oh, that's what they're calling the museum building. Because it's shaped like a giant hive! Oh! I want to see it! See everyone? Dennis is excited. Don't you all want to be like Dennis? No. What? Well, it doesn't matter because look, we're here! Oh wow! Wow, it really does look like a giant bee hive, Mindy. Told ya! Is that a giant mode of a honey running around the outside of the building? Yep! Now everyone, out of the truck, I want to make sure that we're the first ones in. Ugh! Ugh! Ugh! Locking up the ice cream truck! Oh, can I, which way do the boo-boo party? Firstly, please don't call it that in. Number two. Oh yeah! Number two. That's what I'm saying. Ugh! Number two, the toilets are right there next to the entrance. Okay, good. You all have fun. I got some business to attend to. I told you we shouldn't have drunk that gal on the banana milk for breakfast. So many, why was it so important for us to get here so early anyway? Well, Guy Ross, they have this brand new exhibition that I've been jonesing to see every time I heard about it on the Buzzing Bee. The Buzzing Bee podcast? Yeah, it's a daily podcast I listen to that keeps me up to date with all the hips and happenings of the bee. Because of the bee community. Huh, so what's this exhibition all about, Mindy? It's all about mummies. You mean like the queen bee, like she's the mom to the whole hive? No, no, no, not mummies, Guy Ross. Mummies. Oh, like moms, but from England. No, Dennis, I think Mindy's talking about, you know, the wrapped up, stored in a sarcophagus, the Egyptian royalty, those kinds of mummies. Ah, oh. Yeah, only I'm talking about mummified bees. Wow, what does that even mean? Okay, so this group of scientists recently found a whole colony of 3,000 year old mummified bees off the coast of Portugal. And they're on display right in there. In the museum? Yep, now come on, the entrance is just over this moped bridge. All right. Oh, so, look at all that honey. It's all gooey and shiny. I can see my face in it. Oh, my honey, Dennis. Dennis, don't get too close to the edge. You might fall in. I can't swim in honey. Dennis, that honey is only 2 feet deep. Just stand up. Let me just crawl out of here. Dennis, you're all sticky now. Don't worry, Guy Razz, I'll lick it off as we go. Oh, hey. Wow, didn't expect to see anyone out here this early. Is he all right? Who, Dennis? Yeah, he'll be fine. Okay. We're here to see the mummified bees of it. Oh, yeah. That one's been super popular. Come on in. All right. Okay. So, four people and one pigeon for the mummified bees of it. Is that correct? Yep, that's it. All right. Going to no exhibition. What? I'm just here to go to the honeymoon. Now, where'd you keep your inflatable tube, young lady? Uh, what? Oh, I think she wants to go out to that honey river you've got outside and ride down it in a rafting tube. Oh, well, we don't have those. Well, no bother. I brought my own. Ta-da! Oh! But Grandma G forced you not even wearing your bathing unitard. From the gang garage. Hey! What in the... You've been wearing that swimming unitard underneath your wrestling unitard this whole time? Now, if you'll excuse me. Oh, what? So... Three people and one pigeon. Yes, please. Yay! You did it! All right. Thank you. The exhibition starts in that room just down the hall. Thanks, Miss Ticketman. All right. So, where does this exhibition start? Oh, down there, man. I see it. Mummbees. Three thousand years of bee history preserved in time. Ooh, an exhibition introduction. I love these things. But they're so boring! Don't worry, Dennis. I have a plan to unboring it. Hold on. I've got it right in my adventure toolkit here. Oh, here it is. A boom box? Uh-huh. Now, there was put on your best reading voice. Huh? Let me just push a button here. And go. Me? Yeah, read it. Ooh, oh, uh, okay. In 2019, a team of researchers from the Natural Rejo UNESCO Global Geopark were searching along the Portuguese coastline for signs of how the ecosystem in that area had changed over time. What they found was astonishing. Oh, M.G. What was it? What was it? Dennis. Shh. What the researchers had found was a subterranean sarcophagi of mummified bees. Some of them over three thousand years old. Wow. Their story is on display for you today in the Mumbees exhibition. Three thousand years of bee history preserved in time. Great job, GuyRos. Delphanately not boring. Now, let's find out more about these mummies. After you, M.G. Thank you. So, M.G. These bees were found in Portugal? Uh-huh. Does that make them Portuguese? Uh-huh. I guess it would. Hey, M.G. Come here and check this out. What is it, GuyRos? Look, it's the material that the bees were covered in that allowed them to be preserved in this mummified state for so long. Ah, ponker balls. And look, it says here that these bees only came out about once a year for a few weeks when their favorite plant was blooming. Ah, sort of like how grandma G. Forus only comes out to eat if there's chili on the menu. Uh, yeah. So, for the rest of the year, these bees basically hide inside of these cocoons that the queen bee makes for them. Oh, that's adorable. It's like she's knitting each bee a little blanket or sleeping bag to sleep in. Yeah, except this blanket is waterproof and really well stitched together. And so, it was able to preserve the bee inside of the colony around the time it came to its untimely end. Around 3,000 years ago. Huh, and this is the actual material here? Well, it's actually a replica of that material. The museum made it so we can see what it feels like. You're check it out. Missy that. Ooh, feels kind of smooth, like silk. And a little like, like linen, right? Oh, let me see. How... Ugh. Yeah! Ah, it tastes horrible. Pfft. Dennis! What? I'm not supposed to eat the material. Well, nobody told me that. I just thought it was a very soggy looking potato chip. You know that's my favorite kind. Oh, Dennis, just spit it out and put it back. Ugh, don't put it back. Okay, then just stick it behind your ear until we can find a trash can. Oh, good idea. Pfft. He he he. Okay, let's move on to the next room. Ooh. Huh. A movie theater. Are we gonna watch a movie? Looks like it, Mindy. How do we get it to start? Oh, maybe it's this big red button that says play movie. That might be it. Yay! I found it so I get to press it. Go for it, Dennis. Pfft. Pfft. Rage! Get it! The movie's starting. Pfft. An innocent colony of bees. The Portuguese coastline and one of the coldest cases of all time. This is how did the bees die? Ooh, so dramatic. In 2019, a group of researchers on the Portuguese coastline discovered one of the greatest, mummified insect remains of all time. They found hundreds of bees. Wow, look at the Mindy. They're perfectly preserved. Perfectly preserved. Yeah, it's like they're frozen in time. Practically frozen in time. Hey, quit copying us, narrator. Shh, Dennis. Oh, sorry, sorry. But the researchers wondered what happened to these unfortunate insects. How did they meet their untimely demise? I wonder if they developed any theories. The researchers developed several theories. Hooray, theories! For instance, there was evidence of a flood. Or a drought. Because of this, perhaps the bees' food supply got cut off. Causing them to die of hunger. But that theory was proven false. What? How? Upon further inspection of the cave where the bees were found, researchers discovered vast deposits of pollen. Meaning that they had plenty of food to survive. So with starvation ruled out, they turned to a second theory. A sudden weather shift. A sudden weather shift? What happened? The researchers now believe that a sudden drop in temperature was responsible for the death of the colony. Yes. But there is hope. Oh, I'm so relieved. Despite this weather event, there are still more than 25 species of bees living in Portugal today. Overall, bees and their ancestors have been around for more than 120 million years. And they're not going anywhere anytime soon. And that's something to fuss about. Hooray! That was great! Okay, everyone. Are you all ready for the main event? What's that? The actual remains of the mummified bees themselves. I think they're in the next room. I'm ready, Mindy! Well then, come on. Let's go! Wow! Look, there it is, Guy Ross. Behind that glass case. A 3000 year old bee. Yeah, that is one old bee. What? That's it? It just looks like a giant cocoa puff. That's the cocoon, Dennis. The bee is inside. It's boring! I thought we were going to see a real-life mummy with little wrappings and maybe even a cursor too. Not just the cocoon. I'm going to go way outside. I mean, it kind of has a point. I suppose it is a little underwhelming. If only we could find a way to look inside this cocoon without breaking it open. Yeah, that would be pretty amazing. Wow! Menty! Guy! Reggie! Come quick! In this room, they found a way to look inside the cocoon without breaking it open. What? Come on, Guy, let's go see what he found. All right. Whoa! Look at all these photos, Mindy. Yeah, looks like this museum just turned into an art gallery. What are these images? It's the bees! The bees? Yeah, look! Read the description. Let me see here. Okay. By using a machine called an X-ray micro-computed tomography, scientists were able to make three-dimensional scans of the mumbees without destroying their protective cocoons. Wow! X-ray micro-computed technologies! Wow! These images are kind of incredible, Mindy. Yeah! I'll say. Attention! Could the owner of the angry old lady in the bathing suit please come and collect her from security? Ha! Ha! Oh yeah! Take your hands to your soul, please, ma'am. That seems like our cute leaf! What about her? Sorry, that took so long. What did I miss? The whole thing. Rats. But don't worry, Thomas Fingerling. We were about to leave anyway. Grandma GeForce just got caught by security again. Yeah, leave it in mind. Leave it in mind. It might be a good idea. None of you are going to want to use the restrooms. What? Mr. Fingerling, what did you do? No, nothing that a plunger and a pipe dredger and maybe some industrial grade odor eliminator can't fix. Oh boy. Clean up crew to the men's toilet block. Clean up crew to the men's toilet block, please. Whoa, busted. Wow, and the world will be right back. Grownups, this message is for you. Hey, grownups. Spring is right around the corner. And as schedules fill up with activities and travel, let IXL help you stay on top of your child's learning. IXL is an award-winning online learning platform that fits seamlessly into homeschooling. It offers interactive practice in math, language arts, science, and social studies for grades pre-K through 12th. IXL offers personalized learning for every child and gives parents clear insight into their progress. At TinkerCast, making learning fun is our bread and butter. So we love that IXL has games, awards, and celebrations to keep students motivated and engaged. Make an impact on your child's learning. Get IXL now. And wow, and the world listeners can get an exclusive 20% off IXL membership when they sign up today at IXL.com slash wow. Visit IXL.com slash wow to get the most effective learning program out there at the best price. Ready to record? Hi, I'm Anne from Andover, Ohio. My wow in the world is that feels conclusive and I was just to go underwater and not get water in there. Isn't that bonker balls? Say hi to Grandma G force and stand up for me. Oh, nice. Hazal! And get ready to fit in TinkerCast 2. Thanks, love your show. Hi, my name is Anne Girogg. I'm Ellis. I'm 8 years old and I live in Shawnee, campus. My wow in the world is that Arctic Fox change colors due to the weather. Say hi to Redgie for me. Anger on G-Force. Oh, yeah. Bye. Hi, my name is Eira. My name is Owen. I'm 11 years old and I live in Shawnee, campus. My wow in the world is that Venus is actually the hottest planet, not Mercury. This is because their carbon dioxide clouds are outside of the Venus surface. And they're so sick that once he comes in, it isn't going to come out. I'm in the Girogg, so have your show. Hi, my name is Eira. My name is Aubrey. I'm 11 years old and I live in California. And my wow in the world is that your brain is actually gray. Isn't that bonker balls? Bye, love your show. Say hi to Redgie. Grandma G force. Oh, yeah. Thomas Fingering. Jump. And of course, the one and only Dennis. Bye. Hi, my name is Eira. My name is Eira. And I live in Nashville, Tennessee. My wow in the world is that the letter Q doesn't appear anywhere in any state name. Bye. Say hi to Dennis for me. Hi. Hi, I'm Zachary. I live in Waxville, Mayo. My wow is that frogs can breed and drink to the skin. Isn't that bonker balls? Say hi to Grandma G force. Redgie and Thomas Fingering. Hello, dear. Hi, guys. I'm Melusian and I'm from Carie North Carolina. My wow in the world is there are sea kids, ice kids, and land kids. Where bats may live, some bats sleep in cracks and others sleep upside down. Say hi to Redgie and Grandma G force. Bye. And it messages. Wow in the world is written by Mindy Thomas and Tom Van Kalkin with help from me. The original sound design and music editing is done by Tyler Thol with help from our Supervising Producer, Jed Anderson. You can also hear Jed Anderson in the voices of Dennis, Thomas Fingering, Redgie, and many of the other silly characters that you hear on our show. And Lizzie Freilich can also be heard as some of the silly characters on our show. Jessica Bodie keeps our facts straight as our fact checker and Meredith Halper and Ranzer powers the wow at tinker cast. Our theme song was composed and performed by three time Grammy nominees, The Pop-ups. Find them at thepopup.com. Special thanks to Kit Ballinger, Rebecca Kaban, Dr. Natasha Crandall, Kenny Curtis, Kristen Yang, Tweet Mac, Erica Medina, Henry Moscow, Jody Nessbaum, Ali Paxima, Linda Rothenberg, Steph Sosa, Joanna Weber, Anna Zagorski, and all of the other tinkerers at Tinker Cast HQ. And to keep the wow rolling after you finish this episode, visit us at tinkercast.com. There you can become a member of the world organization of wowsers to get year-round mailings and weekly activities. Shop our wow shop, get tickets for upcoming events, find our best selling books, and learn about some of the other amazing podcasts from tinkercast. Crandall, so you can follow wow in the world on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. At wow in the world, and our email address is hello at tinkercast.com. And if you're a kid with a big wow to share with us, call us at 1-888-7-Wow-Wow for a chance to be featured at the end of our show or an upcoming episode of Two Wots in a Wow. Thanks again for listening. We're here every Monday, or you can check out Two Wots in a Wow every Friday, right here in the Wow in the World podcast feed. And don't forget, we wow on the weekend with Dennis, Saturday, and Sunday. Keep on wowing! Wow in the world was made by tinkercast and set to you by Wundery.