Kelsey Grammer: A Brother’s Love and Loss
33 min
•Dec 17, 20256 months agoSummary
Anderson Cooper interviews actor Kelsey Grammer about his new memoir 'Karen: A Brother Remembers,' which explores the violent murder of his sister Karen when she was 18 and he was 20, and how unprocessed grief shaped his life and career for decades. Grammer discusses his journey toward healing through confronting the details of her death, consulting mediums, using plant medicine, and ultimately learning to honor her life rather than her death.
Insights
- Unprocessed childhood trauma and grief can subtly diminish quality of life for decades, even amid external success, until actively acknowledged and integrated
- Revisiting painful details of loss (police reports, crime scenes) can paradoxically facilitate healing by transforming abstract horror into concrete understanding and agency
- Acting and creative work can serve as a refuge for traumatized inner children, allowing emotional expression and honesty in ways everyday life may not permit
- Shifting focus from the manner of death to the quality of life lived is a critical reframing for grief recovery and honoring the deceased
- Grief is not linear or time-bound; violent loss remains 'active' even 50 years later and requires ongoing emotional processing, especially through legal/parole systems
Trends
Growing cultural acceptance of non-traditional grief processing methods (mediumship, plant medicine, ceremonial meditation) among mainstream audiencesIncreased public discourse around childhood trauma's long-term impact on adult achievement and relationships, even in high-functioning individualsShift from suppressing grief to actively integrating it as a pathway to fuller emotional experience and joyRising interest in memoir and personal narrative as therapeutic tool for processing violent loss and family traumaNormalization of discussing mental health impacts of violent crime on family members across generations
Topics
Childhood grief and trauma processingViolent crime and family bereavementLong-term psychological impacts of unprocessed lossMediumship and spiritual grief counselingPlant medicine and psychedelics for trauma resolutionActing as emotional refuge and creative outletParole hearings and victim family advocacyInner child psychology and healingMemoir writing as therapeutic practiceIntergenerational trauma patternsGrief and joy as interconnected emotional statesPolice records and victim documentationForgiveness and self-blame in trauma recoveryFamily loss cycles and ancestral patterns
Companies
People
Kelsey Grammer
Actor and primary guest; discusses his sister Karen's 1975 murder and new memoir exploring decades of unprocessed grief
Anderson Cooper
Podcast host; interviews Grammer and shares personal experiences with childhood loss and grief processing
Karen Grammer
Kelsey's sister, murdered in 1975 at age 18; subject of his memoir and primary focus of the episode
Rob Reiner
Film director; Cooper discusses Reiner's death and impact of his films 'Stand By Me' and 'Spinal Tap' on his life
Patti Smith
Singer-songwriter; upcoming guest for January episode of 'All There Is' podcast
Quotes
"No event in my lifetime since Karen's death has gone untouched by some measure of grief, filtered, every joy filtered by a touch of grief."
Kelsey Grammer
"Grief kept me from living. I apologize with regret of a half century lived part way."
Kelsey Grammer
"I don't think you can have joy without having felt loss."
Anderson Cooper
"The truth is her life is what identified her not her death."
Kelsey Grammer
"Allow yourself to spend more time in the life they lived, in the good that you knew from them, in the joy that they brought you."
Kelsey Grammer
Full Transcript
Last night, I sat on the anchor desk and read the news about Rob Reiner and his wife, Michelle, murdered in their home. There is no shortage of sadness tonight, not to mention almost unimaginable shock and horror. I didn't know Rob personally, but his work touched me. Are you okay? When I first saw a stand by me, I remember crying in the theater. It was a coming of age film about childhood friendships and it made me reflect on my own painful coming of age after my dad died. Why don't you just make ten louder and make ten be the top number and make that a little louder? These cards are eleven. I also loved his mockumentary, this is Spinal Tap. It remains one of my favorite movies of all time. In September, I interviewed Rob about a Spinal Tap sequel he had made and I'm so glad I did. When we started talking, I think he was surprised and definitely amused at how much I love Spinal Tap and how many of the lines I knew by heart. When we first did it, people came up to me and they said, I don't understand this. Why would you make a movie about a band nobody's ever heard of? Why wouldn't you make it about the Beatles? They thought it was a real band. They thought it was a real document. Anybody in the world who does this hand gesture, you know it's from Spinal Tap. It's like the puppet show in Spinal Tap. You know everything. You know every line from the book. More than I do. I'm so glad I got to have that conversation with him, not just because he seemed to have a good time, but because at the end of it, I got to tell him directly just how much his work had meant to me. You have brought me so much joy through this and so much work that you've done and also I mean you are also a very committed patriot and citizen of this country and concerned about this country. Yeah, I just think you're awesome. Thank you so much. Thanks for having me. Thanks for talking with me. Wow, it's my pleasure. Yeah, I hope I didn't just fall into the Travages riffing. You mean you're just going to fanboy? You're just going to fanboy? Yeah, it's all right. I don't mind it. Okay. Rob Reiner, thank you so much. Thank you. I realize I don't say those kind of things to people enough. It's something my mom used to do and I can see the impact it can have on someone. Now it's something I'm trying to do more. I've been listening to your voice mails and you can always call and leave one at 1,404, 827, 1805. Many of you have called in to talk about your loved ones who were murdered or died violent deaths. My name is Barbara and my older son Nicholas was murdered at 17. There's one thing I have learned is to keep memory alive. To remember my beautiful son who was forever beyond the wick grief of the clums, don't kind of comfort their own thing in my heart and be able to enjoy my sons that still here, my grandchildren. Oh, I see so much of the ones that I've lost. There is no day that magically it goes away, but there are days that you can see the brightness and light. My name is Masuda Latfi and I just wanted to remind everyone that grief hits and waves. And sometimes it's on a random Monday afternoon sitting here in front of the round table picking up our Monday night pizza. We just have to sit with it and remind ourselves that grief and love go hand in hand. I lost my brother. Said, no, he'd let's keep. He tried to stop a man with a gun on the freeway. He had shot five times in the head as he was giving the 911 operator the man's license plate. My brother was an Air Force veteran of 14 years, a California boy that served his country over a year later in the courtroom. I used 11 minutes to look my brother's murderer in the eye and tell him what a beautiful human being my brother was. And I see signs every single day. I see little messages from my brother, our connection with the afterlaces just a thinly mailed curtain and he's there and he's helping us become better human beings on the other side. And I'll continue to ride this wave. Even in the round table parking lot on a random Monday night while I'm picking up my kids' pizza. My name is Kim. I wanted to tell you Anderson that. Tell me, you got today. Oh, perfect. About your dad. He said that you can feel him now and you feel like you knew him better than when he was alive. I lost my dad when I was 18. He was murdered. And I had to do I feel about him, but I know him now. I didn't know him that because he had spent my entire life in another jail and then came home and was murdered within a year. And I want to get to a place where you said you could feel him. I don't feel him and I have it in a very long time. No, I realize now that I have to let this all pour out of me so that I can be happy. Because I think for so long I was afraid to be happy because it would be that I did it. Feel the truth, sadness, the weight of him being gone. My guest today has experienced that same kind of violent loss. Kelsey Grammer was 20 when his sister Karen was murdered. She was 18. We'll be right back with my conversation with Kelsey. Wrong tool for the job? Don't make that mistake with your van. Get up to 30% off selected new Toyota vans and pickups with a warranty up to 10 years or 100,000 miles with every qualifying routine service. Visit your nearest Toyota center, Jim Kerr, N.Field or visit Toyota.co.uk forward slash van savings for more details. Savings on selected vans and pickups ordered by the 31st of March, 2026 UK residents, see Toyota.co.uk for full details, Tis and C's apply. My guest today is Kelsey Grammer. His sister Karen was murdered in 1975 when she was 18 years old. Kelsey was 20 and though he went on to star in hugely successful series like Cheers and Frazier, his sister's kidnapping in Brutal slaying and the unresolved questions and emotions he's had surrounding it were never far from his mind. He finally set out to answer those questions which he writes about in a recently published memoir, Karen, a brother remembers. Kelsey thank you so much for doing this. I don't think a lot of people knew the extent to which loss was such an early part of your life. Your grandfather deeply loved Gordon died of cancer when you were 12 years old. Your dad was shot and killed when you were 13. Your sister was murdered when she was 18. You were 20. Five years later your two have brothers Steven and Billy were killed in a shark attack. Did you know the impact that loss and grief had on your life? Did you realize it early on? I don't know if I ever let it become a presence in my life. I think it was always sneaking around in the background a little bit. There were decisions I had made as a young man, probably as a result of it. One was always that I think I was going to die young and I thought that I should live as though I might die the next day. There's so many things you write in the book which I think are so powerful and I relate to. You write no event in my lifetime since Karen's death has gone untouched by some measure of grief, filtered, every joy filtered by a touch of grief. A lot of my living had been attenuated, diminished just a little bit by the fact that this grief was just a biting presence in my life that always just took a little bit away from the present. I did try to apologize to all the people that maybe they felt there was some distance, a sense of golf maybe they couldn't be breached. I live in life now in a way that I have never allowed myself. It is something you said toward the ends of the book. You write grief kept me from living. I apologize with regret of a half century lived part way. I've always described to myself as I've lived half a life that by not allowing me to really acknowledge grief to never have grieved, I've sort of lived never fully present. I actually think the process you've undergone is one I'm sort of trying to undergo which is accepting grief to some degree in my life and so that I can experience full joy because I don't think you can have joy without having felt loss. I agree with that. I do agree. I applaud your courage. That is a courage to try to live that way, to get into the mix of your own life and find that way out, that doorway to joy. I live in an amazing joy now. I sit in the room with my kids. We're sitting in the screening room right now. At night, this is where we'll all gather and we watched the awful last installment of a jaw's last night. That's a family. Even the last one is fun with family. More fun for the family. We're all just sitting here just talking. The movie was kind of just out in the background and there's just joy surrounding me. And I can kind of feel this. I'm lifted. I'm lighter than I used to be. Much lighter. And what was fascinating, when I finally finished the book, I was writing an upstate in New York and I typed out the last line of it. And I suddenly thought, wow, that's it. I turned to Kate and I said, I'm finished. I'm finished. And she said, I've missed you. It's just an amazing thing. So she's spent really two and a half years with me. I was kind of disappearing a lot. I'd be down a whole lot. But her remark at that point, I mean, to think of that kind of patience and love being where I ended up. I ended up with the right person. It's kind of fascinating. But not until I was ready to allow that. When you were younger and had kids, you didn't talk about your sister. I would mention that you had Karen and died when she was, you know, 18 or had it was a tragic death. But I didn't discuss it much. It was honestly, it was after the last two alive started to come up for parole that I had to re-engage the loss of my sister. Like I had to relive it every time I went in, going to parole hearings and begging for my sister's life to be honored still. At parole hearings, do you actually see the killers? A couple of times I have, yeah. I sat right next to one of them at one point. You know, he had loomed large as a sort of a figure of enormous power and hate in my life. And then he seemed kind of feeble and weak, but the last of them is still alive. And tries to get out every year, you know. So I got more used to it, more used to the fact that I have to be in that moment still, even though it's 50 years ago, this last July, it was 50 years ago. But it's still an active part of my life. Do you feel her? Yeah, I do. I do. And it's been remarkable. I guess I always have. Sometimes I didn't really want to pay attention, but always had her there in my head, in my heart. I think sometimes, you know, bringing me a warning, saying, you don't need to go down this road or this one, you don't need to go out with her. She was giving you, giving you dating advice. I was a little dating advice sometimes. I don't think you need that for too much longer. I told you so. Sometimes. Yeah, exactly. There were there for a couple of moments like that. Because I didn't grieve, I have not felt the people I've lost for much of my life. And it's only in the last year or two that I've felt my dad. And I actually feel like I have a closer relationship with him now than certainly that I have most of my life. And I've come to know him in a different way because I'm a dad now. And the way I look at my kids, I realize I remember the way he must have looked at me. Yeah, that's the gift of it, isn't it? We're living in our ancestors footsteps as well as our own. As we sort of carve through the life we've been given and the one we make. And Mark, our children will be visited with us. You've really noticed in your life the cycles that repeat in families and through the generations. I think there's something beautiful and there's something comforting about that. To realize like we are not the first to suffer whatever it is we are suffering, to go through what we are going through. Yeah, we are doing what's been done throughout history. We carry it with us when we always will. It is part of the human thing. It is part of being here and this strange plane that we're on and whatever it's meant to do. It's also meant to teach us grief. It was important for you to actually go back to Colorado and walk through her final day. That was something I'd always thought was important. I didn't know a lot of the intricacies of her last year of life. And I really wanted to become familiar with that. We weren't communicating so well back then. Of course we didn't have cell phones, we didn't have all sorts of stuff. But we were discovering a lot of the same things at the same time but weren't aware of it. We weren't communicating about it. And so my desire to go for this trip to be with her in her final days and in her final steps was just to be intimate with her again, to know her again. Like I knew her once before. This love that I had for my sister was some of the greatest meaningful connection with another human being that I've ever had. We lived in breathe at the same pace, rise and swell. We lived everything together. And that last year we didn't. She was off on her own. I was off on my own. But she was coming home. I was going to see her in like four or five days. And we were already looking forward to being together again. You did something which I thought about a lot. You got the police report for your sister. I thought about getting the police report. My brother jumped off at the balcony for apartment building in front of my mom. And I thought about getting the police report for a while, even though there's nothing really, certainly in my case, to learn from it. But you requested the police file and they sent it to you and they warned you at the beginning of it about whether or not you should read it and whether you really wanted to read it. Yeah, it was important for me. It was just to be with Karen, to be with her in that long last moment. How are you able to do that? It just seemed like I had to do it. It just seemed like I had to go. Kate came with me and that was really helpful. And I also wanted to know what she was doing there. Did she have a nice life there? And she did. She had started to construct a life for herself there with this young man that she'd met and John. I got to know John only through the police report that I find out John's name. So that was helpful. And so it was almost like I was sort of taking the trip with them. And it was heartbreaking at the same time and the hard to read because for a long time, Karen was just a Jane Doe. A girl whose body had been desecrated and it was left to die somewhere. Some of the things you discover in the police report were different than you had initially thought she had managed to get to somebody's door to try to get help mortally wounded. And you'd said, in my imaginings, the man who found Karen at his doorstep was a good smurred in of sorts. I stand correct and disappointed that that man did not attempt to help her but simply called the police after leaving her body as it lay. Eyes vacant, staring at the sky. Her legs still in the steps, her head on the ground and a clinch fist above her head with an outstretched arm smeared blood along a wall, a path of suffering, an enormous pool of blood. And from there, the uneasy steps of a hundred yards, her last steps, then the final crawl of her life. It's really heartbreaking. Yeah. It was. That broke my heart when I read it. When I first realized that the trail of her blood, her hands was at crawl level rather than standing height. The people that hurt her scream and just went to bed didn't even look out the window. Yeah. And that house is right there still right where it was, the same place where Karen was and stabbed just across the street and then she made her way, you know, another hundred yards or so extraordinary that there was such sensual, sensual, sort of callousness, non-carrying. I don't know. I had to take Jeeva bring up, but you write about the last words that Karen heard, which you hadn't known until you read this police report. Yeah. Tilt your head back. That was, uh, whew. Tilt your head back. That's what the killer said. Yeah. I think she heard, uh, extraordinary, malevolence, evil, that discovery. It was beyond any horror I could have imagined. It did actually go beyond my imagination to a place that was real and that she had to deal with. It made me credibly sad that, um, that in her final seconds there was not kindness. Yeah. Yeah. Help me too. Thank you, Anderson. You know, I've, I've had sort of, um, diminishing resolve at times, you know, or at least in and out to, to keep this guy in jail. And I actually read that part of the police report the day before he was out from parole again. And I was calling in to testify at that point from, uh, of job I was doing in the Caribbean. And, um, I realized that this is what she heard from this man who says he didn't do anything. Yeah. So, you know, it ended up being ammunition, which was helpful. We're going to take a short break. We'll have more with Kelsey in a moment. And a reminder, I'll be discussing this podcast and others on our new live interactive show, all there is live on Thursday night on our grief community page, CNN.com slash all there is. You can watch the show live at 9.15 p.m. Thursday or in the days that follow along with past episodes of the podcast. We'll be right back with more from Kelsey grammar. Welcome back to my conversation with Kelsey grammar. Kelsey writes in his book, Karen, a brother remembers that he has on several occasions done what he calls ceremonial meditations at home using plant medicine or psychedelics. He also writes about consulting with mediums throughout his life. I have some very, very devoted Christian friends who aren't on the, you know, you don't, you don't consult with mediums. That's sort of dangerous territory. And I accept that you should be very cautious, but there are those who are good. And I do think it's a gift from God, mediumship. I think it's meant to help people resolve grief. I think it is meant to help people release some things. It is a continuing gift of God that we can access our loved ones, especially for those of us who have had loss that has been so violent and so, so devastating and premature in many ways. And I'm not sure if you'll never let go of, but there is an obligation to get on with your life. And if one is disrupting the other for too long a time, I think the gift of mediumship maybe helps people resolve that. You mentioned that you and your wife do ceremonial meditations at home. You also talked about meditating on hearing Karen, focus on hearing her seek a dialogue with her. What is that meditating on hearing Karen, focus on hearing her? That medicine is being, you know, experimented with to access whatever your issue might be. So you focus on a certain thing. And we've done a few of them. I find it sort of comical and yet discovered some things deeply troubling within me that I thought, well, I'm glad I did this. I'm glad I had this experience where I got to release some things that I didn't know were still sort of stirring around in there. I think all these things are possible even through prayer, honestly, whatever meditative state you get into. I got close the night when I was just sort of recouping from the surgeries. I had four or five hours of just being wiped out from the anesthesia. In a moment of just deep reflection and quiet, there was this discovery of, oh, I didn't get the chance to hold you. I didn't get a chance to really say goodbye to you. And that was a big thing. That last moment which took her final breath that her brother wasn't there to hold. That I couldn't be there to just send her off to love her. And Karen, where she came and told me you were a good brother, forgive yourself. You know, you just stood up for other kids. Said, you gotta just, you know, talk it off. Get back to your life and love it. That's the fact that we had a life together. That was an amazing moment for me, just amazing. Seems like you're still a pretty good brother. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Thank you. Weeks after your grandfather Gordon died who was really your dad who was the person you deeply, deeply loved. You said, I finally dissolved in tears, unable to speak. I was convulsed with grief and lost in it. Sob after sob shook my body until finally it stopped. I sat with my head in my hands silent. After a time of voice came, my voice it said, you will always be alone. And the oddest thing happened to give me comfort. Do you remember the little boy you were? It sounds cheesy, but I've sort of woken up recently to how I stunted myself very early on after my dad died. And it's so terrified me at age 10 that I didn't grieve. And that little boy I've sort of woken up to the idea that he is still very much alive in me. So that little boy said, yeah, I think so. I feel them all the time. It's interesting. He's the one that actually had so much fun in life. And he's the one that actually still has sort of preserved my ability to have fun even through the grief sometimes. But I was a really good kid. I wanted to please my parents. I wanted to please my granddad more than anything in the world. I loved my grandmother. The places that I didn't sense my loss was when I was acting. When I had the mask of acting on, I could just be honest and open in that moment and sort of lend my own life to whatever character I was trying to play. Those moments have been completely free of any sense of guilt or shame or anything else. Until then, of course, maybe if there's a moment when I'm playing a guy who's grieving a loved one or a sister even or whatever, then it comes flooding in in my own story, kind of comes along to the ride. That's what I find rewarding about the work. Still find rewarding about the work. But it's been a refuge for the little boy in a lot of places in my imagination, but also in my life's work, my career, I chose a place where my little boy was safe. He's been fully at the helm and many, many sort of parts of my life. That's an incredible thing to have figured out an outlet for, I don't know, I feel like a lot of this language is cheesy, but I've come to kind of believe in it. I've always been skeptical of my entire life, but it hasn't really served me that well. And suddenly here I am at 58 leaping. So maybe there's something to this little child thing. But I do think this voice I developed in my head, which is the voice that has gotten me through everything, is this protector of this little child. And I've kept him buried and sequestered. And I think I'm a kid's my own. I want that child to get out there and live and stuff. And I love the idea that you were able to do that through acting. Yeah, I'm that's... I thought, what a great circumstance it was that I fell into the acting thing. I never wanted to be an actor. I just, I was just a kid. It was surfing. I used to love that. The guy comes along and says, can you smoke a cigar? I said, yeah, this is what I'm usually playing Ben Hubbard and a little foxes. And I did it and thought, this is great. I can do this the rest of my life. That's where I started. And that's someone that keeps it alive. You said that boy was soul sick and felt unwanted. Later on, you write about memories that you have with the comeback to you. You say to find them now has been a pure delight. Well, some are painful, of course, but so many others had joy. I'd forgotten or had remained hidden because of trauma. You're peaking their heads out now, hoping it is safe to come out into the open and shine as they once did. I did not realize how many there were people speak of the inner child. I don't really know much about it except I presume we all have one and most of them are in hiding. I would say that that's been true for me and probably true for Karen after we were hurt by life and nothing hurts in life more than the death of someone precious when we are children. We do have voicemail at the end of every season of this podcast. I think it's amazing to me the amount of people who experienced childhood loss and the impact it's had on them their entire life. I mean, it's extraordinary. And so if you people are able to talk better and give voice to it, I don't know if it's repress grief or unrecognized grief or childhood grief out there. And what you're doing here with this show, with this podcast and what I was trying to do with the book was say, you know, you've got company. You've got company in here. Whatever yours is is yours, all yours. But it's something with you. You're right about rage, rage of the people who murdered your sister. Do you still feel that rage? Yeah. That's a... I'm glad you pointed that out. I think there was a part of me that for a while was quite happy to let it take over and just to be angry and not settled on anything. And the only target in sight, but it was myself. So I took some time to beat myself down for a while. But that rage is righteous. It comes from the fact that I couldn't stop them, that I couldn't help her, that I couldn't save my sister's life. So I rage to myself, rage to God, rage to them. But the circumstances I would all led me to a kind of peace in the end, but that guy's still in there, is still around. Has retracing Karen's last hours and last day... Has that emeliorated some of the rage? Has that lesson? Yeah, it has. Yeah. That's for a long time in this place where I couldn't forgive myself for what had happened to Karen. And of course, that probably made no real sense. It just had emotional sense. It had emotional weight that felt true. And I think, yeah, maybe that has helped save me quite a bit. I certainly don't blame myself anymore. And I did for a while. You've seen the book, I'm sorry, Karen, that has been so hard for me. This last image of you was impossible to shake for years and years. It haunted me in quiet moments and down dark streets, and pushing the joy of a cherry blossom day, crushing it without warning. And today, even to this very day, it has the power to make me shake with grief, but it will not be as I remember you, I promise. That was a big healing thing. The lingering image of Karen was always her corpse. And she didn't deserve that. That's why I apologize to her. Because she's such a glorious girl. It's such a wonderful girl. To have allowed myself to remember her any other way than that was I did myself a disservice. And I didn't really honor her life that way. I honored them more than they didn't deserve it. So we got there. And we did get there in the end. And Karen is with me. And so how do you get there? We're both happy. You just got to go through the process. Find out what the truth is. The truth is her life is what identified her not her death. Is there something you've learned in your grief that would help others in theirs? Because there's a lot of people listening right now who are grieving and in all sorts of different ways. The only real gift I would hope my experience could offer would be to allow yourself to spend more time in the life they lived, in the good that you knew from them, in the joy that they brought you, in the smiles that you knew from them, in the happy accidents you shared, and to let them be remembered, to let them live again, to breathe again, to be in that life again. The horror of their taking off. Thank you so much. I really appreciate it. You taking the time to do this. I really enjoyed it. Thank you. Thank you for taking the time. And for all you've known and lost and loved, obviously, congratulations on your family and your children. You're a thanks. You're wonderful. Thanks. I wish you the best. Thanks, Anderson. Kelsey Grammers, new memoirs, titled Karen, Brother Remembers. This conversation is our final podcast episode of this year. We're going to take a break for the holiday as Anne will be back with all new episodes in January, starting with a conversation with singer and songwriter Patty Smith. There's no rules. There's, and there shouldn't be any rules. I mean, people can, you know, all of these phrases like time heals all wounds. It doesn't. Don't look, don't look to be healed. Look, you know, it's like you have a sacred wound. Just, you know, take care of it. Don't let it get infected. It's not necessarily going to heal. You just learn to live with it. There's no rules and grief. No, I don't think there should be. This week is also the final episode of the year for our new weekly companion show, All There Is Live. It'll be back in the new year. The last episode is this Thursday night, 9.15 pm. You can watch it live at cnn.com slash All There Is and you can join in the conversation by sending us voice mails and comments in our comments section. Also you can record a video for us and whatever topic you'd like and just email it to us at all there is at cnn.com. I hope you join us Thursday for the live show 9.15 pm at cnn.com slash All There Is. Wherever you are in the world and in your grief, thanks for being here. I'm glad we're together. I'm CNN tech reporter Claire Duffy. This week on the podcast, Terms of Service is the AI market above all waiting to burst. And if so, how should we all as individuals be thinking about our personal investments and retirement accounts? To help me answer those questions, I have Ross Mayfield here with me. He's an investment strategist for Bayard Private Wealth Management where he helps clients make informed investment decisions. The dot com bubble of the late 90s is the go to example, particularly for today because it's a brand new technology. This also resembles pretty closely the mid 1800s railroad bubble, which is my favorite bubble. Yeah, it's great, right? Because railroads are such an old school technology, but in the 1800s, they were the AI of their time. It was this game changing technology. Listen to CNN's Terms of Service wherever you get your podcasts.